|
|||||||||||
|
|||||||||||
|
|||||||||||
 |
|
Институт Актона по изучению религии и свободы YA OO .
YA OOӷ .
˝ cy . Aoa ya coo 2002 cy . Aa ۘ˳ ˄ ҂ӷӉ, ce pa a˚e̾. ce pa a˚e̾. ISSN: 1075-6566 cy . Aa ۘ˳ ˄ ҂ӷӉ 161 Oaa Ae̳, NW, . 301 pả Peˉc, a M˘˄a 49503 eeo: 616-454-3080 ac: 616-454-9454 OEPT . PKO oy cee̸ acpa oococx ay ao˘eco y˂epcee Aep oce oo̘a˹ oye˹ y˂epcee o Kaop ỏo y˂epcee. 1989 . oc ca ͇˘oo ҂a, 1990 . ca co-ypeee cya . Aa. Paoھ oڈa Cpo o opoca pe˄, o, e oecڂe̾x poe yoc pa˘̾x aeax ypa·x, γa New York Times, World Street Journal, London Financial News, Washington Times. e Cpo - op peaop ecoθx ˄ oopa - oy oe ae oopa ay päcacoo y˂epcea . ȷêθ y˂epcea . päc Mappo aeae. acopca eeθocڸ oڈa Cpo γae ypeʉee oo o̾, χ ҂ӄ ԇ . ·χ, a ˘˄. ABO E peoa Pco ecoco aepaco ˂, ڇ. O ep y oڈa Cp Pe. YA OO ae · eeyaθoe cpeee ԝ˝ڸ ˄˳ ҂ӷӉ, .e. o̹˹, oope ӷ Ҙڇc ӂϾ ҂ ԝ˝Ӊ. ҇ ̇, ӄ ̇ χڸҹ ԝ҇ ˄ ҂ӷӉ, ecڂeθo ӂӝ, ӂϾ. ӝ Ͼ ̹o, ڇ ͇ ̝ڂ̾ ԝ̈o ˄ ιҹ ԝ̈ ӝڇ, ӄ ͇ ҂ӷӉ oo χڝ˂ҹ ӝڇ. ͇ۚҹ ԝ˂ӝ ڸ Ͼ˹ ˘ ʉ ӝ acڸ, ӝ ԝ̹ ӈӄ ӷ ҷ. ˖, ӝ acڸ ιҹ ӂˉڹ ӄ˘˹, Ӊ̇ acڸ ιҹ ӝ, ӝ ԝڇι ӷ ڝ̳ ӝ. acڸ ̇ ԝʉ, ӝ Ͼ ӄ·ҹ. acڸ ۘھ ڝ· ڝ ӄ·, ӝ ԝӹι · ۷ʉ˹ ̇ , Ͼ ̾ ·ڸ, ͇ҹ , Ͼ ̇θ ·. ӷ˹ ˄, ̇ , ڇ ӝ, ӄ, ҦӉ ӷ, ڇ ͇ ˘˦ Ӗ ̇ Ә ۘ· . ׇ Ͼ ڇ˂ҹ ԝӹ ӝڇ χ Ӗ˹ ԝۄ ԝۄ, ˷ Ӊι. Շ Ӊ ڇ ̇ ӝ ̇ ͇ ӂ˂ڸ ӄ ͇ ԇڸҹ, θ Ͼ ӹ ҉·ڸ ӝ. ̸ ҂ӷӉ, ӝ ͇ҹ ̇ ӝ, ̇ ӷ ڂڂ ·ڸ. ӝ ιҹ - Ӊӝ. oae cya, ̇ԝ, θڂ Ӊ o pˉχڸ ڂo , ӝ xoeoc a̹ڸc ӄ, ӷ ˉ · ̇ ԝӂ ̹ ʉ˹ ۄ. ̇, Ͼ aaec, θ oo eoxoo. ӷ, Ͼ ˂ ڂ ͇ ӷ˝ Ͼ ӝڇ, ҇ ҂ӷӉ ӷڂ. M ͇ڸ, ҂ӷӉee ӷڂ, ۚڂ ԝڇ ӷڂӄ ӝڇ. þ ڂθ ۷ʉ̾, ҂ӷӉ ̇ ·ڸ , Ͼ ·, ̹ ӄ, ͇ θӂڸ xopoo pao yθype ӷڂ. ͇ҹ , ԝ· ooθo peocoe ԝ ҂ӷӉ? , ڇ χ. ԾڇҸ coӂaڸ ̹ ڇ, ӷ ӄ·ӂҸ ˹ ̇ ӂ . ӷӉ ιҹ ھ ̇ӝ ͝ھ , o-o ԝ˂ ̸ θ ͝ھ ڹ, ͇ڸҹ . ԝӹ ҂ӷӉ ԝ· ڂڂڸ ·ڸ , ιҹ ԝθ̾ ӝӖ, ԝχڸ , ιҹ ԝ, cγaڸ ۄ . ӄ Ͼ ԇ ԝχ ˄̾ ҇, ˷ ˝ ԝ۳ ԝ˳, Ͼ ڷҾ ۄ . Ͼ Ͼ ˝ ӄ˘ ̇ ҂ӷӉ , ӄ · ̇ · ڂڂڸ. ԝθ χ ҂ӷӉ, γ γ۳ ӝ ӄ˘˹, ιҹ Ә ӄ˦ ڂ ˝. eo cee, o ڇι γ ۉӂڂӝ̾. aco γ ˖ ̇ , χ, pa co ̸ a ԝӂ·ee ˘ ҂ӷӉ, ӄ, ӷ ocpoڸ ӝӂ ӷθڂ, ӝ ԝc ̾ Ӊ. ͇̘˂ҹ ˹ ӂӉ ӄ, ӄ ڸ, ӄ - ӂθڂ , ڸ. ӷӉ ̇ ҳ ڸ ̇ԝ ԝ. Ͼ ҂ӷӉ opa eo-o ӝӖeo coo, ۘ ʇڸ ͇ ҂ӄ ooee coo ooe? ԝ ͇҇Ҹ ӄ ڇ, ˂ ښθӄ Ͼ˹. -, ҂ӷӉ ԝχ ˘̾ ӝϾ ӷڂ. ̾ apo ھ pa˘e apaھ θ. ۚڂ eo Ӊ ҂ӷӉ. Շԝ, ۚڂ۳ ˘̾ ӝӂ ӷ ˘̾ ڝ̇. ӄa ۉ yoap˂aڸ oo ӝӂa ڸ , Ӊ̇, ec e oӝӂڸҹ ӝӂe o ڝ̾, o oa oy poco occopڸc c a. ӷ ڝˈ ӷ ˘̾ ӷڂ̾ ̾, ҂ӷӉ ڇӂҹ ˦ ۚڂ ڇι ڸ, oopa ι ԝӈڇڸ θ̾ ˘˹. o oa p˘a, Ә ӷӉ papeڸ ӝ ӝӖeo coo. oo, Ӊ̇, Ͼ yڂepʉee pa, ӝ ۚڂ ̾ θ. Hԝ, · ӷ ڂ. ڂθ, o ·θ ڸ ӷڂ, ڇ͇ ˈ˹ · ̇ ԝ̇. ̇, ӄ· ˷θ ·˘ ˈ ( ι), ڇӘ ̇ڸ ӂڸ ԝθ , ooy o ҂ӷӉ pae ڝ ڂ ӂ ҂ӷӉ, ιeҹ ڸ ԝ. ӄ ӄ·ڸҹ ӄ ۦӂ̾ ˈ, ӝ oe ۖҹ · ӷ , ҂̾ ҂ӷӉ. ӷχ ڇڇ̾ ӝ ӷڂ γҹ θ , ԝԝχҹ Ծ͇ ̇҇ʉ˹ ʉ ʾ. Ͼ ιҹ ԝθ̾ ˘̾, ӄ Ծڇҹ ̇҇ʉڸ cy ԇ ԝʉ˹ ӷ˹ ӂ. ̉ڇθ̾ ӝθ̾ · ҂ӷӉ , poecc coepe˹ ԝθoo γ ڸ coepe˹ ԝθӄo ԝ ӂ, Ͼ ۄ. ڇ ԝχڝ˂ ̝ڂ, Ӊ̇ , ӷθڂ Ӊӂڸ ̇ ̇ ԝ˹˳ ӄ, ͇ . ڹ ҂ӷӉ ιҹ ڸ ̾, ̇ ʉڂ̇ ̝ڂoy ӂ˳. Ә̾ ԝڇιҹ ڂʉ, ҂ӷӉ ӷ· ̝ڂ̾ ̈ˇ. ͇ʉ ҂ӷӉ ˘ ڂ ιҹ ̝ڂ̾, χڝ˂eҹ ͇ Ӊ¹ ˉ˘ Ͼ. ڸ ӝ ̂ˈ, ӝ · ͇ڇھ, · ӄ·ҹ ӷӉθ; Ӊ̇, θӂ ԝۉθӄ ԇڇ ۉڂ θ ԝ˹ ˦ ̂ˈ Ӊχ ҂ ӷڂ̾ ̝ڂ̾ ԝӷϾ ӝʉ ˘۳ ۇ˳, ӝ ӄ·ӂڸҹ ӷ ·. oe caoe acaec , ӝ ԝχ ڝ·. Ӊ̹ ڇӘ Ӊ ډ ԝӘ θ Ӗ χ, ˳ ڸ θ . ӝ ӄ·ӂڸҹ ̝ڂ̾ ӷθڂ, Ӊ̇ Ͼ Ҙڇ ̾ Ҙڇڸ ̾. Ӛ ӂӝ, ͇ӄ- paoo ˳ ӷڂ ҂ӷӉ̾ ӷӉθ̾ γ: Ͼ ̾ ڸ ҂ӷӉ opa o ̂ˈ, ڇڸ ̇ ۦӂo θo ypoe, oxoι γ ԝӷӂ˳ ҂ ӂ ۘo ˘ecx e. Ӧ ̇ , ͝ ̹ ̉˂ˉۇθ ҂ӷӉ, oopoe Ӊ̹ poo ԝڝo, ӄ, ͇ ˘͇ ҂ӷӉ ̇ԇ ̾ ӝ. ͂θ caa oe-o ooy. ae, ̇· XIX ͇ ˉ¹ ԝ, ԝۚ˦ ډθ̾ ̉˂ˉχ, aaa cpo ceaڸ, ae p e aee ˉ ӄۚڂ ӝڇ ۉڂ. ԝӈ, ӝ oθe ӄ˘˂ҹ , a pacpocpa̹ec a pye oecڂa, ڇ ҝ˘ ۘʉ˹, ͇ ӂ ӝ ϸ, ҂ . Ecڂeoe, o a ڇҹ, ae˹ ̉˂ˉӂ o o, o papee eaڸ , o xoec, ·ڸ ۉڂ ̇ ͇ʉ ̇ ͇ʉӉ ͝. ӂ Ҙڇ ۇ˳ ̇. -ڇ ۷ʉ, ¦Ӊ ҂ӷӉ ۉ ԝӦӉڸ Ϲ ڹ. B-, ̉˂ˉϾ ̾ ۉ ڸ a ce θ۳ ڂڂڸ co ̸, ڇ ԝ˂̾ ڇ ۘʉ˹, ͇ ϸ ӷڂ ۳˦. -ӝ, ۉڂ ye ͇ڸҹ ҇ۂ ˝۳ ӷ·ڹ θ, ӄ˘ڸ co poθ cao , .e. ͇ ԇڇ ԝӦӄ ӝ̇ ι ԝۉ˹. Ӗ˹ ʉ Ϲ ̇ԝ˹ ιҹ ˂ҹ. ڂ ڸ ӝ˝. ԝ , χ ӝ˝ӂ ̝ڂӄ ӝ˝ӂ˹, ҇ԝ˹, ڝ ۦӂ ҈̾ coo eeyaθӄ χ˹ eoeeco ˘, ̇ҹ ˘˦ ae. ڸ ̇ӝ ӷ ԝ, ԝι˦ ӷڂ. þ ̾ peڸ ye ۉڂ ӷڂ Ә ˦ ԝ. ̉ڇθ̾ ӝ ʉ ҂ӷӉ . ҂, , , ڝ γ, ӝ Ҙڇ ԇ̾ ԝ θ ̉˂ˉۇθ ҂ӷӉ, ӷ ˘ ? , , χ, Ә. ۚڂ۳ γ, ι ӝ ҂ӷӉ ӈ˝ҹ ӷڂ̾ , ̝ڂ ۚڸ. ·, ҇ ̇ ӝ˹ ̄ ӄ ͇ڸ Ӊ: “ γ ҂ӷӉ , ocop, o o ӄ ̇ڂӝڸ! ӄ ̇ ӂ ڂ̾ ͇ҹ ӷ̾ ԝڸ ̸, ӝ ӷʇ· ڂӳ ·!” ̇ ӄ ̇ ҂ӷӉ, ԝ˂, ӄ, ڝˈ˳. , ҂ӷӉ ҝڂ Ӗ ̇ ˳, ӂӝ ӄ. ӷڂ̾ ҉· ӝ ډڸ · ι ̇ ԇ˹. Շ˷ ڂ Ͼ ˉ χ ҇, ̇ Ӊ ԝι Ӗ˷, ۚ۳ ҇. ӂӝ: “ ӹ ι, ӹ ۉ”. ӷӂθoe Ӊ ڈ. ӂӝ, ڸ ҇ ̇ ͝ · ӷӂθ ̇. pep Xpcoca o, o Ͼ o̾ a e cooo oډaڸ ce pa pyx, a o cea o. ӷӂθ̇ ԝ˝Ӊ ͇ ԝ ˹ ͇, ͇ Ͼ Ͼ ӂӝڸ , Ͼ ̾ ӄ. ̇ ¦ ̇ ˘ʇ ˳ . ̇ ҝ ڷҾ. Շ ̇ ڇ ҂ӷӉ, ӝ Ͼ ӄ, ˝ڸ ڸ ͇˹. ӂڂ ԝ , Ӊ̇ oo ocyecڂc oθo peyθae aeo cocڂeoo oe˹ ey y eoeecoo ˹. eo oceoaeθocڸ x coo̾x opo co peee coppye a xapaep , öe öo, ay cyy. ӷ, ڂθ, ԝ Ͼ ҂ӷӉ ԝ· ˝ ԝ˘ ӝ ̇ ̝ڂ . ̇, o ecopo, oop ڝ ҇ ڝ θ, ڂӝy ӝӘey ca ӄo. χ, ˄̾ Ͼ, , ۉڂo, oy ooڸ cee Ӊڸ ҂ӷӉ , ӝ۳ ca Ӊ opa, ڹ ҉·ڸ. ڸ, ڂʉ, ۉ Ͼ ̾ ڸ ʉ. ӄ ҇ ڇ ԇ ҹ, ӄ Ͼ ڝ·ι ̇ ҂ӷӉ. Ȯ, ҂ӷӉ ӷڂ ʉ˹ ̝ڂ ̇ ӂ˹ ӂ͇ ̾ ԝχڸ ӝ ԝʉ˹ Ӊ˹. ͇ڸ , ԝχ · ҂ӷӉ, ӹ̸ ҹ ˄̾ ̝ڂ̾ ԝ҇, ӝ Ҹ ҂? ۷ ۖ ӂ Ӛۚ ڝ·ڸ ̝ڂo ۦӂo opaa ̇ , ڇ ڝ·ڸ ԝڸҹ ڝ҈̉. · ̇x x ӄ. ˇڂ ԝڇ, ڇ ͇ Ͼ oo̹ec ӄy, ӝ ڇ ӂ, ӷ ڸ ̇ ¦ ҉·ڸ ̾ ̇ ԇ. , ӝ ̝ҹ ҂ӷӉ, o ӝ Ӊӂ ڷҾ , ̾ ڸ, ҇ ̹ ҂ӷӉ ۉ ˇ ڝˈ˹. ҇ ͇, ͇ ӝ˂ҹ ӝ˹ ҂ӷӉ: ̇ ҇, ae pooac ӂx, ԝeo paccap˂ax ԝҾ ڂ, ڇ ҂ ͇ ӂӝڸ ԝ. ˉ ҂ӷӉ, ˄ ۳ θ ӷڂ ӝ. ¹ ҂ӷӉ, ڂθ, ̇Ӊ ҂ ڝ ۄ˦ θ, ڇ ͇ ̇ ˂҇θ̇. ̇ ۉ͇ ˇ͇ ڝˈ ̇ ۉ˂θ ӂθ χ ҇ ӂ ҂ӷӉ, a Ͼ χ, Ӊޝ˂ ڂo, ԝۚee ӂ, ̝ڂo ӷڂ, ̝ڂ̾ ӂa ˘ӄ ԝӄ҇ ӄ˘˹ ۉڂ. cocڂeo ӷڂ . ˇڂ ڂo, ԝۚe eo ӂ, ԝڂe ۉڂ, , ceϸe. Ә ypce ӝ Ͼ ̇ ̾ , Ӊθ, ̇ԝ, ۷ڸ ҂ ӷڂӄ ·͇. Ϲ, ӝ θ ۷ڂ o, · ԝӹ ԝ̾ ӂ̸ ۖ˹ ۂ˹. Ho e ˇڂ. xoڹ ϸ, ڂθ, aa, ˘ڸ ιec o, ԝ ӄ ̇ۖڸҹ Ӊι. ӄ· ˇ ڝˈ˹, ӝ ԝۄ ԝۄ ڇҹ Ӊ ̇҇ʉڸҹ Ӊι. Kao˘ecoe pao peye coooo epyʉoo coac˹, o pa ecڂeθ̾. ڂ Әڇҹ ξ γ, ӝ ˇ ӷڂ ۷˂, ۂʇ. ڝaec ̇ ˘ ˘ Ͼ, ӝ ·Ҹ ˇڂ. ԝ˂ ӹ˳ ˘ӄ ӝ͇, ӝ ڇι ̉˂ˉχ ԝ ·ڸ, ڸ, γڸ ڝھ ԝӈڇڸ. ̇ ԝ ڇ ҂̾ ۷ χ ̝ڂӄ ӷڂӄ ӷθڂ. II Ӧ γ, ӝ ̇ · “ˇ̇” - γ, ̄˝ӂ̾e ҇ ·. ھ, ҹҹ Ӊ, ҂ˉθڂ۳, ӄ ӝӉ ԝ˖· χ, Ә ͇ʉ θ ¦ ԝξ, o e apaڸc. B ӝӉ ڇҸ oθo ̾. Pc Ή · , ӝ ӂӝҸ ӷ Ә̸ ه: ” Ӧ ڸ opoe γ, ӝ ڇҸ, ӷ ڸҹ ӷ ˝˦, Ӊ · θ . γ [ae o] - ӂ ҇”. ̇ ӂڸ Ӊӷ - Ӊ. ˘ڸ · ˘ Ӊӷӄ ڇ ӂ̳ ۂ˹ ӂӄ ڂ. ҝ ͇ ڇ͇ ̝ڂ̇ ԝ͇ ڇ· ڇ̉ ˄̾ ˹. ӷ̾ ԝ˂Ӊڸ θ̾ ̇ھ, a yxa˂a. ͇·Ҹ ooa a o peϹ p˂a eˈca Ӛ, ˦ Ҹ ڸ ˦ ҂ . p˳ھ o yxoy a ė oθ̾ ӂ ӂ̾ θˈ. ۘ ̇ ڸ ڇ ۘʉ˹, Ͼ ԝˉ˂ҹ ˹, ӂ ԝ, ӝ ӄ ̇ۖڸҹ ep, ӂ ԝۚ ԝ̾ ڂ. Ә ιҹ xpcaca . ڸҹ ԝ, ӄ ڇ ۘʉ˹ θ̾ ԝҾ ڸ ډθ ˇڂ, ԝڇιҹ ۉ̾. ӝϾ ه ڸ , ˦ ӝӉ ˇڂ, ԝ˘̇ ҂ Ҹ ڇӘ ԝ̇ ι ͇ʉӄ ecoo ۘӄ. ӄ ڝ ̇ ˇڂ ͇ ̇ ˘۳ ͇ ̇ ̈ˇθ۳ ۄ ҂ӷӉ. ڂθ y˂θ. Շ ԝڹ ˇ Ӧ χ˘ ˂·Ҹ ˉ¹, ӂ ۉڂ ³ ډθ̾ ˘̾ ͈ ӷڂ. Cʉ˹ ̇ Ӊ θ ӄ, ԝ̇ , ԝ̇ ӄ; ҂ , ̈Ԉ˹ ӄ ۂڇ ̇ θ̇, ҂ ӷ ·, ·˹ ˄ ҂ӷӉ ӝӄ ͇ӄ ӷӝ cˉeeθcڂy o o, o xˇڂ papaaھa oˈ˳, ӝa θ ˚e, Ӧ̹e ԝ ӂ͇ Ӗ˳ ۉڂ. Ҙڇ, θȖ ۘ ˇ ̇ ҇ ԝ˂ ۂ˘˳ ҂ӷӉ ˘, ̸˳. pe˄o̾e ˉ ӹ ӂ ٝ̈ γ, θ γ ̇̇-ӈˇχ ڝަ Ӊӂ ӝ, ӝ ̇̾ ˘ ӷ˹, ۄʇ ҂ӷӉe ҇Ͼ ҝڂ̾ ӷo? ˄̾ ԝҾ ͇ʉ ˦ cec, ˘ . Ә γ ӹҹ, ˹ ԝڇι ӷ ۳ ۄ ҂ӷӉ? , ԝڇι ۄ, Ӊ̇ Ծ a ӂ˹ ڸ, ڂθ ιҹ ۄ. χ ̇ , ̇˂ ̇ҹ “˄̾ ԝ” ̾ ڇڇ. ӷڂ ˉ ? , ӷ ԝθڂ ˂Ҹ ӷӂ, ˂Ҹ ڂ, ˂Ҹ eeθocڸ ͂e, ڇ, ӷ ˂Ҹ Ծ ԝιڸ ̸. ӝ ӝҹ, ӂ, ԝ˂ θڂ ԝθڂ , ӝ o pay, oe a ya, ̾ ڸ ڇ̾ ʉ ӷڂ, γ ϸ ӂ. ۄ ӂ, , ӝ γ, ӝҹ ԝ˂ θڂ ҂ӷӉ. · ˉ¹, ۉڂ ԝ ̇ ӂ۳ ۖ? ӄ ̹ڸ, ۚڂ۳ ھ , ӝ ҹҹ ӄ, , Ӊʇ ڇ-ۉ ԝڇ˳. ۉ, ӝ ιc ۉڂ̾ cya, Ͼ ̇, oop ԝι ӝ, , ӝ, ԝӝ. ۉ˦ ҇˹ ̇ o caϾx pax ecooڂ o ooo oyopee ۉڂo acڸ. Be ٝ, ̇Ӊ paι ڝ· , a popo cy Cay ̇̇ o o, · ӝθ: ӷ· ̇ӄ, ̾, ނ ۖ ϸ. ۉ ӝ ae ԝ˂ҹ ocoa χ ڂ apeoe˹, ԝ˂ڇa yy ҂ӷʉ˳, ˘˹ ʉ ̾ ڇӘ . Ͼ oe̸ ۇθ̾ ι ˝ӄ ˹ ӝ ̾ ڇӂ. , ڂθ, ˂ ҂ӷʉ˹ ̇ ͇ ӷӂ , ·ӹ˹ ҂ӷӉ, ڇӝ ι ¦ γ, ӝ˦ҹ ceo̹ a co ҂ӷʉee apeoe˹. ڇ ӝ˹ ӷ̇ Ӧӂιڸ ̇ ڇڸҹ . ڇ ԇ ˇ Ӗ˳ ˝˘ ԝθڂ χ. ˇڂ Ӊ ̇ ӂ̸ cyae a eoxoocڸ ҂ӷʉ˹ ¦ o ypeʉ̾x cpyyp, coڂop̾x ԝ̾ pexo ˘. ڝˈ, o ۚڂe e ԝ˂ ̇ԝ ˇ ӝ, ӝ ҹ ڇˇ. ̇ԝ ҹ ԝ ˘ ڝ ӝ ӷӂ˹ ̇. ۘҸ, ӝ γ ӂӝ , ̾ ڇھ ιҹ ̇ ӝ ڝ, ڇ ͇ ̇ · ӂ̇ ͇ ̇˹. ̹ ۉ˂ι ι, ӝ epaye ˹. ӄ, ۚڂ ڇ ˇ ӄ ˹, ӝ paccap˂ae ۈ˳ ̾ ڇӂ a ڸ γθӄ χχ ˉ ͝ ڂ̾ ڸ Ӊ θӄ ҇͝. θ۳ ԝӷ ӝʉ ڇˇ, ιҹ ˘ . ڇˇ ڇ ӷ ڇӂ˹ ˝ӄ Ӊ ڂ ̇ , ڝӄ ̇ ˇ˝ӂ ӈˇχ ooa. Ծ, ӝ χҹ ҹ, ڇ ˹θ̾ ̇ XX ͇ ̇ ӷڂӄ ̄˹. ι ˦ Ӊ̹ ³ θ ˹ ڇ˦ ӝ˹, ͇ Շ̇θ̾ ӂ ͂e. ԝ˂ӂ ˄̾ ԝ, ˄̾ ԇ ҝڂ χӂ ӝχ ͇˘ ˝. Ӊ̇ ˦ ӄ· ԝ˝ڸҹ ڇ, ڂ ˝ . Ծ͇ ӝڸ ̄̾ ԝӈ, θ۹ ۉڂ ι ̇҇ʉ˹ ӄ oo χ˹ ӷӉ (ӝ ӷ ͇ҹ ӂ ӷӉθ, ӝ ̾͝ ˂), ͇ʇ ̄θ ·, ӝ ιҹ, ԝʉ , ۦӂ̾, ˘. ԾڇҸ ͇ڸ, ˘ӄ ˹ ˇڂ ۚڂ. · Ҹ , θ ۉڂ ̇ ڸ ӄ˘̇, ԝڝ eoea ̸ ac ̸. ˇ · ҂ӷʉ ԝ· · ԝӈڇ ˘ ҂ θ, ˘ ˘ ҂ӷӉ. ͇ڸ ڇθ ex ˘˦ ڇ ˇ ڝˈ, ӝ caee Ӊ҇θ̾? Ҹ ӝ ӷ ̇-ۉڂ, Ͼ ˉ, ӂ̇ ˹ epe oac o peea ˦ ̇ XV-XVI ӂ, ӄ ۉڂ ̇ ڸ ͝˘ ڝ, ԝҦӉ˂ Ә˹ ԝι. ӂ ڝ - ӝ˘ , ԝӖ ҂ ¦Ӊ Ӊχ - ̇ ڸ ӷڂ ̸, ̇, ڇӘ θ Ͼ ۦӂӄ ypeʉe˹. ӝχθ ӂ ۉڂ ڇҸ ډθ̾ aee˹, ҂̾ ocpecڂo ӄӂӝ quid pro quo (ycya a ycyy): ۉڂ ̇ ͂, ӂ, ҂ӳ Ә, · ̇ ۉڂ, ae opocax o̾ ̝ڂo aooc. ӷχ γ·Ҹ ˇ ӝ, ӝ ڇ·Ҹ ӝӂ, ӝ, ԝ ӝ ̇ ԝ. ڸ ̈ XX ͇ Ͼ ڝ ͇ӂ, ӝ · ͝ڸ ˝۳ ·ڸ Ծ. ӷχ Ҹ coθo , ӂ ӝ ۉڂ; a˷oθa ۄ γҹ , ӂ ڝ ҂ӳ ˳ ̇ ӝ̾ ۉڂ. ӝ ˘˦ ڝڇڇ ˦ Ҧ·ӂ ̇Ӊ Ӊӷ ڇ˦, cax oee yo̾, Ӗ, XVI ӹ·Ҹ ԝ̇͝ ڇ ̇ Ͼ ԝ ͂ ϸ ԝ˂ ۉڂ. ӝ ˦ ӝӂ ڇ , ˄ ԝ̈Ծ, ӝ ̝ڂ ԝ ˂ ԝ˂ ۉڂ , , γ˳. ˦ ̇˹ Ͼ ڝ ҂ ʉ ”χ” ”ڇ” ˉ³, ӝ۳ ξڸ Ӊ̹. ԝ҇, ҹҹ ۉڂ, ڇ̾ ҝӂ, ӷҸ ӂ ԝӷϾ ӝχ. ӂ Թ ӝ ڇӄ Ӊ ˦ -ه ӝ˘ ̇̇: ҇ӄ ̇· ڇ ʉ̇Ӊӄ ˹, Ӊ˂ pocope˹ ԝ˂͇ ӂ, ӝ ӂӝ ̇ ˉ. ԝ˂o ԇ, ͇, ̇ԝ 1930- χ, xpcae ۂˉ ӄ, ʉҸ x ҝ. Ӊ̹ Ծڇҹ ԝ ҂ ˘ ԝ˦ʇڂ Җ˝ڸ χ ̄. ӷ˦ ۘ ڇ ˦ ˄̾ ̉̈ ιҹ ӝӉ҇θ̾. θ ۷ʉ̾, ӂ ۉڂ ιҹ ˘̾ ۘʉ˹ c pa˘̾ ͈˹, peca̾ ocoo. ӄ, Ͼ ӷۉ ͇˘۳ ˈ˳, ӂ ˘̾, ԝ ͇ʉ ˦ ӷӂ̾ ԝ ̇ ·ڸ. ӄ, Ә ae ڸ, ԝ·̇ ڝˈ˹, ӝ oe ڇ· ˘ ۉ̾ ҂ ̇-ۉڂ, ԝe Ș ԝӈ Ͼ˹ ӄ˘ ҂ ̇̇θӄ ˄ҹ ̇ԝ ӷ ʉ̇Ӊ ˉ, o ӄ·ҹ ӄ˘ ۈ̇θ ҂ Շ-ۉڂ. A ͇ڸ o ͇θ̾ θ̾ ӝax ˦ ڝˈ? ӂ ԝڇ ڝˈ γ ԝ, ̇ χ ˝ ̇, ҇ ھ. ӂ̇ ԝ˂ڸ a ·, χڝ˂eo ԝڇ ͇ Ә ͇ڇ˘ . ̾ ι, ڇ ͇ ӝ˹, ԝ͇ ӝθڸ ҇ ҂ ӝ, ̾ epoa ӝχ. · ڇ ¹θ ԝԝχ ۄ ԝ Ӗ ͇˘˦ ڝ. ̇, ڇҹ ԝ˂ , ԝڇ͇ ڝˈ˹, ͝ , ̇ ͇ XX- ͇, ԝ̹· ˉ³, ӷڂ ԝԝχ ae̾e peyecڂa. θ ̹ڸ ʉ ̇˹ x ԝӂ. ԝ˂ӂ , ژʉڸ ͝˘ ӂ ڇ ҂˘ ͇ھ ͇ˈ ҉· ̾ ӹ ԝ˹ ۇ̾ ڝ˹ ͇ڇ˘ ӷڂ. θ ڸ c a˷oee pyeγ̾ oӖee opoe paaec opy ӄ, eco o aae “͇ڇ”, χccӄ pocxʉe˹. ڇιҹ ԝθ̾ ڂ̾ ˝ӂڸ ̉ڝˇθ γ. paccap˂aڸ ԝԝ˹e a y ӷڂڸ, a ̂ˈ˳ a ͇ڇ, ھ oo poceڸ ӝ ˂. ΄ ӄ, ͇ ӂ ҂ӄ Ͼ ͂ӄ ӂ ̇ۘ Ә ˹, ӷڂ ԝӉ ӝӂ, ӂҸ ̇ ԝ̈ԇ Ә . Շ ̹ڸ, ͇ ԝӄ Ӊ, ԝӄ Ӊ ԝӉ, ڂ Ӊ ӝχθ̾ ӹ . ڇιҹ ̾, ӷ γ ̹ ԝ˝Ӊ . ۘ ھ? , Ӊ̹ ۘ ӂ: ӄ˘ ӷڂ Ӛ ӝ̾ ۉڂ, ӷӉڸ ӄ˘˹ ̇ӄӂ, ڂ ڇθ γھ, ڝ·ڸ ӷڂ ԝ ˈˇ˂, ԝ˂ ·ھ ̾, ӝ ԝ˷ʇҹ Ә ·; ԝoeccoaθe ԝԝχeθcڂo, ԝo ӷ˹, ̝ڂa acoeθocڸ ҂ӷӉ ӝӂ. ͇˘a Ͼθa ڝˈ˹, ӝ Ӛ·Ҹ ̇ ԝ; ԝڇ͇ ԝ͇, ӝ ̇Ӊ· ӷ ӝ. o peϹ ooʉecڂe˹ ӄo “˷a” ҝӂ ͇ ·˘ӄ ˷θӄ Ӊ. Ә ԝҦӉ? ҝڂ Ӗ ͇̈ γ˹. Ҹ Ͼ ˉ , ӝ ̇θ ۇ̾ ԝڇ ԝ˂ ̇ӄӂ ۄڇ ԝθڂ, , ԝȉ eξ p eep̾x ao, ڇ papyae Ӗ ӷڂ, ҂ӷӉ ҇ . θ̇ ӄ ڇ ӹ ۄӄ, e xyeo, χ. ӄ ӂӝҸ ҂ӷӉ ڂ ӄι ̇ , ۉ ԝ˖ ˉ: ӷԸ, ˇڂ! ӄ, ӂ χڝ˂·Ҹ ͇ “ԝԹڂ” a y ҂ӷӉ. Ӊ̹. Ӧa ҂˹, yoo ycϾceoe eeyaθoe pae, e χڝ˂ڸc ̇ӄ˘o c Ҿo, ̇ӂ ӄڂ oڈocoo ҇, ӝ θ ι Ӊ ӈˇ˘o ӝ. ӄڂ ӄ ڸ ԝԝϘ˂ ڈ, ڇ ͇ ۘ ڸ ҂˹ χ, ҂ӷӉ, ӷӂ˹, ӂ˦ ԝ θӄ ˹ ӄ· ۚڂӂڸ ˇڂ. θ ̇ ӄ ̇ڸ, ۉ ԝ˖ ӄڂ, ڝ ̇ ӂ̾ . Ә ڇ ۄ۷ڸ ̇ χ ˘˹ ʉ ӝ ·ڸ. ӄ Ͼ XVIII-XIX ӂ χ . ̈ ˹, Ӊ ҇Ͼ ڇθ̾ ٝ̈˦ ˷epaθ̾x ӂ XIX ͇, ca ̾ ͇. Ӧӝ a ˉ ̘e . , oo ˄̾x Ͼcee ӄ Ӊ ԇ ԝ˂ ڇ̾ ӳӂ ʉ ӂ ۉڂ, Ӊ̇, oe ˂ χ˹ ҂ӷӉ ˉ˘ ̝ڂ Ͼ. , , ӄ Ͼ Ӊ̹ Ͼι ҂, ӂ, ̇ cec . Շ ԝڹ oce Ӧ ҂˹ ͇Ҹ, paccoe ʉ ӂ ˝ ˷θ̾ ۇӂ ˹θ̾ ˄ ͂ ڇ. ڇ ̉̈˹ pe ceo ԝӹ·Ҹ IX, ӝ ̇ ԝ ͇ “˷” Ӗ ̉ë oo, a ca oeˉe ۄ γӄ ӈˇ˘ӄ ˹ ڇ pä. Ә ͇ڸ ˘ Ӧӄ ӷ ( ̾ ˘ ԝӷχ), Ӊ̇ Ә ڸ ̹ڸ, ӷڂ̾ ԇ ̇ ӝ ˷θ̾ ͇ӂ XIX ͇, Ӊӂ, ¦, ̇Ӊ ӷ ӝ̾ ҂ Ծڇҹ oڸ ͇χ ceˈχ. Ӊ ڇ˦ γ, ̇ ո -. ո ca ocoa ˇoe pocxoʉee ˷θ Ͼ, ӄ ԝڸ ڸ χ˳ ۷ӄ θӄ ˹˹, ӝ ˇڂ ڸ ˝ ˝ · ԝӖӄ. ڸ, oee pooe oae ˷a ӄ Ӊ ̇θ ˂aoc Ӊ ̹ ӄ ˷χ. ӷ̹, Ә ̇ ӷ ӝϾ ˷χ χڝ˂Ҹ ӝ ̸ ˈχ. o e Ͼ o̹, ̇ ̾, ۂˉڸ ӝ, ۄ . ̇, ̉, ӷ Ͼ ڇ ͇ ̇ · ? oa ٝ “· ” · ̇ ayaeӄ ˉ˹, ӽ ԝ ͇, ӷ Ͼ ڇ ˦ ӝ˘ ˂ ڇ ӄӂ . þ ۘڸҹ ˦. Ͼ ӝ˝ӂڸ ˦ Ͼ, ӄ ̾, ڇ ۘ ڇ ͇˘ ˈ. χ, ι ԝ˂ӝ˂, XIII, ڇ Ӈ II θӂ ̹ ҇ ͇ ԝ ӷڂ θ ̇ γ, ̇ ӷ˹ ̇ Ӊ ڝۉ. Rerum Novarum, ڇ Centesimus Annus ӄ˘˂ ԝ ۉڂ ˂ڸҹ ӷڂ. ԝ Ә˦ ڷڸ ӈˇ ˉ³, Ӗ ʉ Ә ͇ڇ ӷ , ӄ ԝ̹ڸ ۳ ҂ӷӉ ˘ ӷڂ. ӄ·ӂҹ ۘ ڝˈ˹ ˇ Ͼ: ڸ γ ڝˈ, ̇, , , ιҹ ڸ ڸ ˇӄ ˝ӂ˹. a Ծڇҹ ڸ ˘, ̦˘. ӄ Ͼ ԝ˦Ӊ ӂ χ˳ ӝ , ڸ ̉ڇθ̾ ͇̇, Ͼ · ̇ ӂ ԝڇ˹ ۇθ̾ ̈Ԉ ι yao˂a˹ ̇ۘӄ Ӊ, ڇ ԝڇ˹ ̝ڂ ӝ˝ӂ. ۘҹ, ԝӈ χ ҹ˹ ˹, eo ooy Ͼ ̾ ڸ ˇ χ˳ ˂ڸҹ, oa ڷҾ ԝӖӄ, a aa˂a ӂe ̇˹, ۚe χ˳ ̾ ӄ. co ӝa a. ڇ, ԝ ԇ ԝ˂ ԝ̈ԇ ԇ ӄ ̇ ͇ ӷӝ? ̸ ̹ڸ, ӷӝ oeo χ˹ ӄ, ͇ ۉ ԝ. Ϲ ͇ӄ ӷӝ, ӄ ˹ ڹҸ ҹ, ̇ ͇ Ә ԝڇ. , ԝ ̇ ӂ ̹, e ̇, ̇θ ˝ ۉ ԝ. ԝˉ˂Ҹ ˹, cpae˘eco Ӗ˷ ӝ̾ , ڇ ͇ ̾ θڂ, Ӊ˹ θڸ. ԝ·, ͇ ӄ ˷ξ ¦ , IX ԝӉ˄ ԝ ӄ, ӝ θ γ ԝҾ ̝ڂ, ڇ cop, ۉ ԝ ڝӇ˂ ι ԝ˹ x ڂ ԝۚ˦ ˝˦ ·. ӝ Ҙڇ, ԇ θ ڸ ˉ ͂, ڇ ˉ ˝. ӄ ˝ڸҹ. ӄ ڇ epc˹ op̾ · ԝ̹ڇ. B öe öo ڝ Ҹ ӂ ԝ̇ڸ oy, pooaey Coopo. Bcope oce o̘a˹ paoھ Coopa, Ao a ce coey ecy: “He ep, o ox oecڂe̾x ˘̾x cax, ecڸ xoڹ Ӊo cӂ, po˂peaee ao-˷o op Coopa; o ec ecڸ, o o e peaepeo, xoy aڸ eo aϹ” (co Aoa ecy payy, ecy pyep, 16 eap 1874 .). ι poooa, Coop pooac, ԇ ԝӂ·ڸ Ӗ˷, ӂӝ ex cathedra ̇ Ͼ ӝ. ڇ ڝ̇ θ ӄ˘˂·, · ·ڸ ԝ·, ̇ ӝ ͇ ӷӝ · Ә̇ ˹ ˉ ˇθ. ӝ, a ӄӂ, ӽ o peϹ acea Coopa ӷ χ ̇ , ӂ. ̇ ԝ, ӝ ӹ ԝ Cӷӝ, ˘ e ӝ˘, ӄӂ, eo ̇ . ڸ ԝˉ˂ҹ ӝӉ҇θ̾ ӄӂ˦ ιӂ, ͇ڸ, ӄӂӝӘ ԝχ ڝˈ˳. ˘ ˦ ˦, ͇̇ ո, ӝ · Ӛ̾ ӄӂ χ, ո ۹ ι · ԝ ӄ ΄ ̇. ͇ڸ, Ӊ ڂӂ ˖ ӄӂ ʇҹ. Ҿ ҂ӳ θ ӝ, ڸ , ҂˦ ڂ˹ ҦӉ ۘ˦ ̇ ԇ ӄ· ҂ ӂڸ. ιҹ , IX ԝ˝ ̇ , ͇ҹ ·ӂڸ . ӄ˹ ̇, ̇҇̇ ̇Ή , ͇, ԇ ҹ ͇aҹ ·ӂڸ . ˹ ۉ , ԇԇ ӂ̾ ¦ ҂ӷӉ, ӝ ҂ ҂ӳ ̸. ͇̈ Centesimus Annus, , ιҹ ԝ ڇ ھ. Ȯ · χ 1991 Ӊ, ӄ, ͇ ӂ . ̇, Ә, ڹ ڝ̇ڸ ҹ. þ ̇Ӊҹ ӝӖ ҦӉ ˈ, ӷ Ә ڝ˳ ӄ ڇ ˝ ˷θ ˈ. Ӈ ocope a ˝ c eθ op˹ ӂx ̉̈ ԝo, e oop co p, paoھ a Rerum Novarum. ӂ o aee ӈˇχ, ۉ˂˂ee γ ͇. ˘˦ ͝ۄ ̾ ڇӂ, θڂ γ ԝ·, ۉ ۚڂӂڸ, Ә̇ ԇ ۉ ڸ ӂӄ ͇. Ӈ II · ͇θ̾ χ χ Ә ˹ Ծڇ . ۷ʉ, ΄ ԝӉҹ. ӄ ԝ ˇ , ӄ χ, , Ҙڇ ˘ ˉ, ͇Ҹ, ھ, ԝҦ˚ ӄ ۉۚ. ԇ˹ χ ̇ ӄ ҇˹ ۦӂ̾ ˘˦ ԝӂӂ; ڇ · o˂ӄ pacڂeo Ӊι ι ۉۚ. Centesimus Annus ԝڇ ۄ, ˂Ҹ Ӊ ҇Ͼ ̾ ̈ ӝ ͂ , , cao ye ¦ ӈˇθ̾ ̈. ͇, ԝӷχ ӈˇχ ιҹ ڝӄ˘: coa ڂ ҂ӷӉ, Ҙڇҹ ˘ ˈˇ˂, ڝˈ ڂ, ԝۚ ӂ. eo ec Ͼ ̇Ӊ a˷oee ̹̾ ڇθ̾ ̇ ڂ ԝԝχθڂ. ̈ ڇ Ӊҹ ҇χ ԝ̇ ˹ ˉ ۷ˉˇ, ԝ ӝ ˈˇθӄ ۘ˹ ͂. Ҹ ڇ ӝ˝ӂ ڂ̾ ˘ ԝ̈, ·ҹ, ӈˇθ̾ ˘ ԝҾ ̾ ڸҹ γ ۘeʉe˹, ³ ҝڂ Ӗ, Җ ڇ̈ ̾ ˂ڸҹ θ ӄ, ӄ ԝӷ ԝҸ . ӷ, o Ϲ ڂڂ ̇ Җ ڇ̈, Ϲ ͇ ԝ ӷ ۄ oaԾa˹ ocoo ypeʉe̘ecڂa ڇ˦ θڂ. ̈ ڇ ӷʉҹ ӝϾ ͇ڇχ. ̇ ӂҹ ̇ ˇ ӝӘ˂ o ӄ, ιҹ ӂ, a ae ocyʉae eoo˘ec θ̾ op coaco ˉ˘˦ aoo. ۄ ӝχ Ӗ˹ ι ԝӹҹ opeeθcڂy. ԇ - ӝ ̇ ͇ڇ, ډ ԝӘ ̇ ҂ӷӉ̇ ͇ ӂ ͇. eo a a, oop o, ̉ҹ ڝ̇, ˂ . ڝʉ ӂӝ ڇθ eeo ӷʉ ̝ڂ۳ acoeθocڸ ԝ˂˹ ̾ ڝ ˳ ڝۉ oea ҝڂ ҂ӷӉ ӝӂ. ӄ Ͼ ڇ , oae, Ӈ II θ χ ¦ , ڇ ӝӖ ӝ˝ҹ ԝ , ҂ ӝӖ ڇ ӝ ڝ ξ. ӷڸҹ opeeθcڂa χˇχ. ιҹ ̾ ڲϾ ڇ ͇ڇχ? ǡ ιҹ Ӗ˷ γ Ͼ, ӝ ӹιҹ. O oe poڸc p coae. opeeθcڂo ԝӹιҹ -. ˉ ӂ, ӝ ̇Ӊ · · ԇڸ . γ · , ӷ ̹ڸ ڂ. ӷ, Ծڇҹ ڝ˝ӂڸ ҂ӳ ̸. e , ۦӂ̇ poea, ӝ۳ ڸ ˘˦ , ҝڂ ˄̾ θڇ ӷ˹ χ, Ӛa ̇˝ӂ ΄ χ , ӝ ̸ ڇθ̾, a Ӊ̾ ι χ, opa oe ԇ γ ڂ̾ ڂ χˇχ. Ծ ӷھ cocoeθ̾ ԝԝχι ͇, ԝӷχ χˇχ ιҹ Ә. ӄڂ ԝ˖ , ͇ ڂ ·˹ ۚڂڸ ҂ӳ ڇ ӂڸ ˹ ۄ. ӷ, x ԝӷχ · ͇̇˂ڸ, ҷ·˝ӂڸ ̸ , , ͇ ӄ ۄ, ̇ʇ ӷ ڸҹ ҂˦ ۖ. ۄ ӂ, ۦӂ̾ ԝӷϾ ӄھ ӂ ˘ҹ ԝӷ pyx γe. ڸ , γ, ̇Ͼe “̾”, Ӊ̹ ³ ̇θ θ aepaθo ӄڂy, ӄھ γ, ҇̾ ҇, ˘ ҂. ӄ ҇ ӷҹ ԝ ӄھ, ˉ , ӷ eڸ y γ ԝ̾ ˘ڂ ӦӉӂ, , ӷ ͝˘ Ӊ χˇ˘y coco˳ ya. ڂθ, ӄڂ ӝʉ ۖ˹, ۉ Ӗ˷Ә ·ڸ, Ͼ ͇- ӷ ӄʉ̾ ۖ, ڇ ͇ · ̸. γҹ , Ͼ ӄھ, ҦӉ γӄ ӝ˘ӄ ڇ̉ڇ, Ͼ ӝҹ ˘۳ ҂ڸ. ̈ θ ˖ ڝ· ӄھ ڸ ·ӝ̾ ̇ӂ ·, ڸ ۦӂ ҈̾. ι ԇ˹ , ӷ ͇ʉ ͇ҹ ¦ χˇθ̾ ; o-o o ceae, o-o . þ ̾ ڇڸ ڸ ԇ˳, ӄ·ӂc ̇ cocڂa ڇ͇, ӄ, ce Ͼ ۉ ·ڸҹ ̇ Ӊ ԇ˹. ڸ ιҹ ̇ ·҇. هھ Ծ ӄ ӂ˹ڸ ̇ ӹ ̈? ԇ ڝˈ, ҂o ڝ . ڝ XIX ͇ ̈ ڇ ιҹ ڈ ۦ θ˦ ڝˈ: ˘. coe, ڇ ҂, ӝ ͇ҹ ҂ ҇̇, o, oop poa -o e, ͇ oθcڂo x o ӄ . ̄, ӂθ ڝ oo˘ec ξ, ڇ , ӝ , ۘ . þθ ̄ ҝڂ ˄ . . , ҇Ͼ ͇ cooo , ӝ Ծac ӂaڸ ҂ Ͼc a o, o o ca ԝ˝Ӊo ӂ ˘. ˝ γ, Ӊ̇, öe, o pae epe, ԝpc c epo. B peyθae ӄ, eo ocex paoax a˷oee yoo paccap˂ac opoc, ӝ ӷʉҸ ˇ Ͼι ̇ ԝڹ . ۄ ڝˈ˹, ̇ ӝ ڇ, ̸ ̈ڝ˝ χ ̇ , ӝ, ̇ ˦ӄ . ̇ ӄ ̉ γ, θٝ ڈ ڇ. ӂ̾ ԝڇ ӄ ι ͂ ھ·, ӝ, ԝӉ ˳, ̇҇ ˄ The Acting Person (ڂ۳ ˘ڸ), ӝ ҹ ۷˂χ ӂ ˘. θҹ Ҧχ, ³ ӝ ҝ˘ڂ ڇ, - Ҹ ͇ҹ ڝˈ. ҂ˉθڂ , ˘ ˝ ̇, , ӂ·, , , . a. Po ˝ opo ιҹ ӂeco ӈe, ӷڂ ˉ, e γ θ۳ ҂ ڇ·ھ ӷ ι ˹ ۄ ӷ̇. ˘ ڝȈ ˘ӄ ӉӉ ·˘ ξ, ӝ ·, ӂ ˖ γθ ˘ ۚڂ. o Ӗ˳ ˇe ˉ ecooc, ӷ γ ͇ Ծ ˘˦ . ͇Ҹ, ˦ ecoocڂo oa e poιҸ a cθo, a ˘˦ χ ڝθӄ ·˝ӂ˹, ˘ ca ecڂeθo ԝι ۘ۳. ҂ӷӉ , Ӊ̇, · ӄ˘˂ҹ ӝ, ڸ e, papeae ˘ . Hecop a o, ͂e cyecڂy ceop, opx γ Ծڇҹ ˄ӝ˝ӂڸ Centesimus. ԝ˦ӉҸ ڇڸ ھ ̈ ӂ, ӝ ˝۳ Centesimus ڝ ¦ , ӝ ̝ҹ. Ә? O ӷ ۉ , ˉӄ˹ ι ӄ˦ γ, ԝӉʇ ڝڸ ̇ ˝ -ڇ. ۄ ӷ ιҹ oa ̇ڸ ڇθ ڝˈ Ͼ, ڸ ӝ ιҹ . ڝ γe, ӝ paac e: “ χ ̈”. H ӄ ao ӝڇڸ ӷ·. þ ξ, ڝ̾ Ә Ծ ӂ ӂ , ԝ ·ڸ paaa χ. þ, ̇ ԇ, ڇ ۇθ ӂ eڸ e c eoˉa̾ ocoae oo, ӈˇ ιҹ ӷ . Ϲ, ӈˇ ӄ ӄ ӝڇ, ιҹ ˝۳ ˘ ӂ̾ ˂ӂ. þ ҂ ̇ ˷θ̾ ӝ̹, ԝڇιҹ po˘̾, ӂ ̇ Ә ԇ ͝ڸ ӂ. ԝ҇ ӝ ԝӚ ԝҹ, ӂ ˄· ԝ ˝, χ·Ҹ θ ڝ҈̉ӄ. ڇ, . ӂ ˳ ˝, ڇ ͇ ˉ Ӛ , ӝ ӄ ԝ̹ ӂ ӷ˘. ӷ, Ͼ ڝˈڸ ӂ, a oca ˘ ̄˹. ̇, yo aڸ paθoe Ӗe x yx aceo, ae oo epeyڸ ay y pyy cpoy. a ͝ڸ peaae ڇڸ ˝ ۷ʇڸ , ۄa ·ڸ ԝιڸ . ̇θ̾ ԝӝ ˇ ڝ ӂ Ϲ ԝ˖ ӹ Dignitatis Humane. χӂ , ԝڇι ҇Ͼ ̾ ·, ̾ ˂҇θ۳ ӂ ͇ ӂ ҝڂ pyo ڈ ̇ o . ھ ҘڇҸ - ̾ ̇ ԝڹ ӄ˦ , Ӊ̇, aceھ eo pyo ԝ̹ھ ˘ ӷӝ. ӝ γ ocoa, ڝˈ̇ӂ, oope oooc 1985 ., o oecooeo θ ԝ҇ ; ڝˈ̇ھ ԝӉʇ ڸ ̇ۄ̾ ˉ ˄ ҂ӷӉ, Ҙڇ ڄ͇ ̈ γ. ӝ, ӝ Ҹ , ҹ χҖڇ ԝ˹ ˄ ҂ӷӉ. ӂӝ : “ a , a o ˝: a Ծ ͇a, ӂ ԝӈڇ ˄ ҂ӷӉ”. ʉ ԝӘ, ڇ͇ ˈ˹ ԝ˂ӝ paoe aԾ IX Syllabus, ӝa ԝӂ·a Ӗ˷Ә epy o, o ͂ ۉڂ ιҹ ڂ ̾ ; Syllabus ڇι ڸ , ͂ ۉڂ ۚڂӂڸ ͇ڂ , ӝ ډҹ ԝӘ. ӝ ͇ ӷӝ Ӊڂ, ڇ ڸ ιҹ Ӊ̹ θڸ, ӄ ӂ · ̇ ˝ . Ӊ̹ ۚڂ۳ γ, ӝ ڇ Ӊ peaθocڸ ˉ ˄ ҂ӷӉ. ӄ ԝθڂ ۂڂ۳ ۄ, ӄ ˄˹ ӷڇ ˖ ӄ θ ·. ӄ ˄˹ · ڇӘ θ ·ڸ, ۘҹ, ͂ ˚ ӷ ҂ӳ ̄۳ ˳, eco ӄ, paoa a e ҂˦ y ˘ecx ecڂ. ̇, Ҙڇ, ڇ ۇθ peιe ӷee ˉ θe, ۚڂӂ ۷ڂa o̹e . þ ̾ ԝӉʇڸ ӝڸҹ ˉ ˄ ҂ӷӉ, oop ۚڂӂa o peea ocoa˹ Aep , oop ڇӂҹ ӂ̾ XX- ͇. Mӝθ̾ ӷθڂ ۳x ιec ӝa ҂ӳ ҂ӷӉ, ӄ, · ۉڂ. ڸ, ˄̇ ҂ӷӉ ڝ· ̇, ӷ Ͼ ڇ ͇. ԝ˂ ԝ˂: Ͼ ̝ڂ̾ ӷθڂ ԝ̹ڸ ԝ, Ӊ̇, χ γ ӄ, ιҹ ԝo, ˘ҹ, ڇ ڸ ۉ, Ͼ ˚ ̈ ڇ y ̇˹ ԝʉ˹, oډaa y y epy a oeee ۉڂa. þ ڝھ ̇ ˘˹ ӷʉ ˦ ۷˘. þ ̾ Ծaڸc aaڸ ԝy, , ӝ , o˂aڸc ҂ӷӉ, ӷ ԝڸ . ӷχ ̇ ҇ γҹ , ӂ ۉڂ Ә ڸ θ ͂ ӷڂ ڇڸ ӷ ˹. ˘̇ ӄ, ڂ γҹ ۷˘̾ , , ۳ ۉ ӷ̾, , ceyιp · ̈. ӂ ۉڂ ԇ ˈˇ˂, ӝ ӂϾ ˄ ӂڸ. Շۘ, oo ۘڸҹ Ӊ̹ - , ӷ ۉڂ ڇo ҂ ˘ ԝ ̇ ҂ڸ ԝڇo θ ҂ӷӉ ι ˄. Ho ι oo eoxӉa ӂa ˘a ˹. ۄ ԝ Ӗ ˇڂ ιҹ , ۉ ӂ ˂ ۇθ ˘ θ. Թڸ ͇͇, ӝ ̇ ̇ ҂˹, Ӊ, ӝ ˝ θ χ˹ ӂ ҂ӷӉ, Ӊ̇, Ҹχ θ, ڇ ̇ ˝ ι̾ ce. , ۉ Ͼ ӷ ӝ, ۉ- ڂ , ͇̇ y˂epce, Ͼ ee axo ˦ ӝ ˇڂ. ̇ӹθ ̉۳ peay ӝ ̇, ڝ˝۳۳ ˇ ӝ ҂ӷӉ ˂. ͂ˈ˹, ڝ ̇ , Ͼ ʇ ۘ˂ҹ χ χ̾ , · ڂ˹, ӝ ӂӉڂӂ·Ҹ ӷӉڸ ͇θڂ ڸ هθ͇. · ԝ˂̇ χ, o ҝ˳ ? ˇڂ ڇ ڝ ӷ ۚڂӂ, Ӊڂӂ ˖ ԝ· ̇˹ Ծ , poco ԝ ·. þ ̾ ·ιڸ ̇ ̝ڂ̾ ڇ̉ھ, ӄ ӷҹ ӝ, Ӊ̇, Ϲ ̾ ۉ ۘھڸ ӝ˘ ڸ ԝҦӉ ԝӄ. ӝ˹ ˇڂ ιҹ ӝ ԝӄ҇ ˹ ͇ ˹ ̇ , ԝӈ, Ͼ ڇӂc ԝ̾ ۦӂ, ڝӄ˘ ӝ . , ͇ ӷ ͝˘ ӄ ˇڂ ӝ? ӄ˦ ڇ ˇ ӂڸ ӝ co e. O ҇ o peϹ ӝˇoo Ӊa ̝ڂ ӷӉ ͂ ̇ڸ poξe o˷ xpcˇ ˝˦ ·. γ ۘ, ˉ θ۳ ڝ·ڸ , ӷ ӂ · ̝ڂ ڂڂ ͇ʉ ԝ˂ epooo pyʉe˹ ӝ. ̸ ͇˹ Ӈ̇ · II ̾ Ӊ (opoe ocpece̸e oʉecڂecӄ ocڇ) ιҹ ԝ ̇ o Ӗe. ιҹ ҂ˉθڂ , ˹ χ ԝ̉̾ ۷ڂ, ӂ̾ ι̾ ۉڂ, ӂ χ, Ӊχڸ ӷ ͇˹ ӂ ӝ ˉӂ copoo ԝӖ. ԝθ, ԝ ι ˝. Ϲ ڸ, ҇ ʇӂ χ ̇χ, ڹ , , χ, ˂ ԝ ӄ̾ ӂ ڝ˹. ̇¹ҹ, ӂ Ә ҂ӳ ӂڸ ۉ ӹ ͇ڸ ˝, ͇ Ӊ¹˹ ʉڸ, ͇ ԝҦӉ. χ, ̇ Ϲ, Ͼ ڸ ӂθ̾ , ͇ ˇ͇ ӂ ˚ ԝ ӂ͇. , ˝ ڇ ͝˘ ҹ ԝӖξ ԝӷχ ͂ o peϹ, a epe co θڸ χ, ҇ӄ θӄ ˹ ӂӄ ·, ӝ ԝӖ o peea aeo e ooe˹. ڇ Θ, cھac c poeo ӝӂ ̇ԇ ̇ , ӝ ԝҦӉ Ӊ̹ ˝. ˈ ԝӹιҹ ̇ڸ ˄ pacẻey. Ӊ̹ ˝, ocoeo ͇˘, γ, ӝ ڷҾ ԝ pe˄o ˂ ˇ۳ ̝ڂڸ. , ڂθ, ˂, ͇ҹ, ۚڂ ͇ ԝ˘ӄ χ. eeyaθa ӝ̹ ӷӄ Ӊ Ӊ˂ ڇ . ۇξ, χҹ ӷڂ̾ ͇̇, ̾ ooaaڸ ڸ aepecoa̾ Әax, ˂pyx ڂ ˹ ӂ ҝ. ʉ ӷڂ ӝ ˝, γ˹, ˄̾ θ ̸ . ӷ̹ҹ , γ ԝ˝Ӊ ҂ ̾ ͇ڸ ҇ڝ҈̉̈˳. , ͇ ˄ ӄ, ӄ ӂӝ ӷ cxoo ԝ, ӝ ӹ θ̾ ӷڂ̾ ˘ ˹. ̇, Ә̸ ӄ ۇξ Ӊ̹ ̇ ˄ θ e o, ̇ ԝ˂· ̾͝ ӦӉ ˳ , , ӽ, ̇ ڸ ڷӖ̇. Ϲ ۇξ, ӝ cepo ۘ χڝ˂ ͇ ̾ Ә ԝ, ԝχҹ ͇ χҹ ̇ۘ̾ ڇ . ӂ θ ۚڂ cpeԾ a ˉ, ӷڂ ӂ ҂ ιҹ ˄̾. A ͇˘˦ ͝ۄ ͇ ۉ- ԝ̇ ̇ ocoo ξ o ce ӂ ӝ Ҙڇҹ ς . Ә? Ҙڇ, ιҹ ҂ Ӊ ڇ ԝ˂ ̝ڂ, ڇ χӂ ۈˇ ӝӉӄ ¦: · ԝӉڸ ̝ڂ̾ ڇ̉ھ, ӝ ڂڂ۳ ˘̾ ·˹ ڂ˹. ԝҦʉ˹, ҝ ӄ˦ ҇̾ ڂ oo ιҹ , ӂ̾ ۇξ ڄӝ˂ · ̇˹, ӝ ·³ ӄӂ ӝ ˄. Ϲ ӄӂ ԝӉ ̇ ۂڂ۳ · oژyʉ̾ ˝۳ ͇˘ӄ ӷڂ, ڇ ӷ, ڇ ̾ θӂڸ ۉڸ ӂ ӝӂ, ڇ˦ oco̾x ˂ax. ԝ̇, , ӄ ԇ ӂ, ӷ · cy ԝ˂ ˦ ˄̾ ιӂ. ̇ڸ , ԝ˹ · ӂ̇ ҂͇-ӄӂ. ۄ ӝ̾, ҝ ӝӂ ۚڂ , ӝ ˄ χ˘ ҹ ̇ ˘۳ o˘ecy ۉڸ. , Ͼ ̾ χڸ a ˄oe pocxoʉee ˘ ̇, a ҇ ̇, ͇ oe aooe ι ӂ, θڇӂ ӝ ˄̾ γ ӄ ӄ ۘڸҹ. ڇ , ۇθ̇ ̸ ԝӂʉ·Ҹ ۖ ڸ? Ӗ˳ ̇˳ ιҹ ԝӷ, ӝ, , ҹ ۳ Ә ۘ̾, Ӊ̇, ڇ Ӗ ۘ ocooe ԝڝ Ӊ̹, ڇ ͇ ӄӂ, ͇ ҈̇, ˂ ڹξ peea. þ ̇Ӊҹ ۇ ӂ ˘ , ӝ ˝ӂ· ҝ ͇, ӄ ˂ ˂ӄ ʉۉ҈̇ӄ ӷ̇ , ӄӂ χڝ˂Ҹ, ͇ ۇθ ԝ͝ γ ۄ ̇. θ cya˹ eac, ۚڂ ¦ӂ ԝԝʉe˹ ۂӂ˂˹ ۇθ̾ . Ӊ̹ Ͼ ̇γ ڇ , χ˝ӂ̾ Ӊ ̇. Շԝ, ڇ , ӷ ͇ڸ, ӝ ˦ӄӂ ιҹ ۇθ̾ Ӗ˹ ҂ ԇڇ , ӷ ̝ڂo yaoڸ ˳. Ϲ Ͼ ˉ, ͇ ̾ Ӊ ̸ Ӊ -˄˹, ̇ ԝ ڇ˦ , ͇ ͇θ̾ ̂˝ڇ ӂ Ӊ ̇ Ήӂڂ y˂epcecx opoax, c ۄ ԝ˘ۉ˂ ˹. ӂӄ ˦ ˹, ιҹ ˖ ӂӝ ڇ Ӗ˷? Ҹ, θӂڸ Ӊ̾ ̾ , ӝ ڂθ Әo ̇e ӝ ˉ, ˘ڸ ͇ʉ . , , ̇ ι, ˘ ̇ , ڇ ̉̈˹ ڝˈڸ ڸ ӷ˂, ̹ ˂҇θ . ӄ . ӄ ӝ ˇڂ, ͝ op χˇ͇θ̾ θӂ XV- , ӝ Ҙڇ, ڝ· , pxoڸ ̝ڂڸ ˘Ͼ. θھ ڝ . Ӊ̹? oop c˂aڸ co ӷڂoe ӂ c ̝ڂڸ, ڸ γ ˉ³, ۚڂӂڸ ӷ˂̾ ڇ̉, ӝ Ͼ ̾ ڝڸҹ. Kaʉoo ac oop opeaڸ ̝ڂڸ ι ҇˦ ·, ̇ ԝ ۘҹ ڇ, o ۚڂ ̝ڂ, ӝ pooac ̸ ac̾ opa, a a, ۉڂ ̹̇ ˘ ya. ӄ ԝڸ, ӷ˦Ӊ · ٝ: “ Ӧ ͇”. ͝ ˈ ̸, ӝ۳ · ˦ ӝ ۚڂӂ˳ ӷӉ. Ӊ̹ “Ӧ˦” ͇ӂ; ڸ ͇, ӝ ӄ·ҹ ι ͂˪. o γ, oope Ӗ ԝӄ , ˦ eaˉoe ooee e ιec poeo, oopy yo peooeڸ, ԝ ԝ˂ ӝڇ. Թڸ ڇ, ڂ ӄӘ̾ ac̾x ӝӂ oope e ڂӄ ӝڇ, ӝ ιҹ ۉڂ. ˹, ӈˇ˘͇ ͇, ˉ ӝ ιec ڂ yco˹x ecڂeӄ apea, · θҹ ¦. ӈˇ ιҹ ӝӖ ԝ ه, ӝ yo o epyڸ, ӂҸ ̇ ͇θڂ. ̇, ԝӉʇ ۚڂӂڸ, ڇ ͇ ӈˇ˘͇ ˉӄ˹ ˄pae a pyy e Ӗ˷͇, ӝ ۖc ۇξ ̇˦ . ̇ oope ̾ γ ԝڇιڸ · ڇӝ coaθ̾ aoa, ͝˂ ӂy ԝ˝Ӊy ڂڂ o co ԝڇ˹. ax ycӂ˹x o ۘڸ ̾͝ ̇˹ ˉ ڝθӄ ·̇, ӝ ·³ oθo coθo ·̾ γe, ӷ ԝڸ co ھ θڸ. ̇ ӷӉҹ ڇ˦, aec, Ӊ̇˦ ̹, ͇ ӂ ڂ ӂ ԝ. ӷڸ χ ̇ aeھ ӝϾ ӈˇχ, ӝ Ӊ̹ ̸. ӝχ pace˂ae χˇθ̾ ˝ ͇ ڂ۳ θڸ, ۄ ͇ . oep̹a ӝχ ̇ۘӄ ӈˇχ, ӝ۳ ڝڸ ̇ ͇ oo. ۄ ӝχ χڝ˂ χˇθ̾ ˝, ͇ coepeoe Ӛ p̹e χ Ϲ ҝ. ̇ ӂҹ ̇ yo paʉeoc ¦ӄ, ̉ڝˇ ӝӂ. ڝ ˉӄ˘ ڇ ʉ ڝχθ̾ χˇ ڝχθ̾ χˇ, Ͼ epe ˇ χ, ҇ ڇ̉ ˇ , Ӊӷ ӂ ѯ ʸ“. ӄ, ӷ χڝ˂ڸ ˝ ͇ , oop o cae xopo, χڸ ӂ͇, ͇ Җ ڂӝ ӄ, ̇ ӂӝ Әڇڸ ˝, ڝڸҹ . p˘o oy ιҹ ӂ̾ ˈ, ̇Ͼ “ӈˇ”. ·ҹ, ۉھ ̾ aeθo ԝۖ˂aڸҹ ۘ̾ ԝӝ, ӷ ͝ڸ ̾͝ ۘ˹, ӝ ̇ ҇ ιҹ ԝ ʸ. ۉ˂θ, Ӊ̹ ۉھ ̘˂ ˂, ۘ ۉ, ӝ ̇θ Ӧӂι· ̇ ˂ӂ. . ̇ ˝ ̇ ԝӷ? ׇڸ ̇ ڇӂ ӄ Ͼ· ͇ copee̾x yco˹x. þ Ծڇҹ paڸ ce, ԝԹڂ۳e ˇӄ ʉ ˝ ڝˈ̾ ˄̾ ˝. þ ccoaڸ ·χ ˂ XVI- ͇, ڇ ͇ Ϲ Ӗ މ. ӄ, Ͼ θ aʉy ex˘ecy ̇ӂy ι ˹ ٝڝ ̇ۘ Ӊ ¦ ͇˘ ҝ, o χe ԝe . ̸ γ Ӛۚ ̇ · ʉ·ڸ ӝ̾ ۄ˦. ӽ, ӄ ̇ҹ ԝڸ ҂ӳ ͇ coe ԝ ӷ, ҹҹ ˉ¹, ̾ ͇ڸ Ͼ ͇̇ξ ι ԝӉ˹ ۘ·. þ oece˂ae ӝa a̾ ͇̇a peocaιe ڸ ۉa ۘڸҹ peoaaee, ӝ ڂ̾ , ̇ԝ, ʉ ˄. þ ԝˉ˂ҹ ڇ Ҧ·˘ oe, ӄ· ӝ c ԝ, ӄ, ҂̇ eʉy coo , Ͼ Ծڇҹ ԝڸ ˉ³ ¦ ̇˦ ԝӄχ, ceapyxc opoca ӈˇθ . ӄ˦ ڇ e ʉ ҂ ˝ ̇˹ ̇ ̇ ˖ . ·ھ ep, , ӄ χҸ ̇ۘ , ̇ԝ, ڝ, ͝ ӂ ӄ, Ӊӷ oy, a o ea ӄӂ. ae χ ӷ . Kӄ ̇ ҇ ڇڸ , ԝ͇ ʉ ԝӂӂ , ep, ͝ ҹҹ ڂ , ӝ ӝӄ ڸ ӄ. -o poo xopoy y cepe ӈˇθ, ˘ ˘ ӝ, o ͝ ӂ ھ ھ ӄ oo ˝a. ӂӝ ͝ ӂ ԝ˹ ڂӄ ̇. ӄ Ͼ ԝ˷ ҳ ̝ڂ , ۘ ӝ˘ , ӝ ӄ ҂ Ӊʇ˳. ˖ ˄̾ Ͼ ڇ ι ӈˇθ̾ ۘ̾, Ϲ ͇ ӈˇθ̾ ۘ̾ ˝ӂ̾ ӝӖ ڇ ̝ڂ ˄ Ͼ. ӷ ӷڸ ӷ ӝϾ ̇ Җ ӂ, ̇ڸ ˇӄ ҂ӷӉӄ ۇθӄ ӷ̇ ˹. -ڇ, ӝ γ, ڇ . ̇, χڝ˂ ͇ c ӷӂθ۳. þ ڝҹ ӷӂڸ ˉ ӷڂ, ӝ ιҹ ˘̾, Ӊ̇ ˹ ӄ, , ۉ ۘھڸ ̇ . þ Ծڇҹ ڸ ۘ ӂ̾ ӄӂ, ӈˇθ ye ӈˇθ̾ ͇̇. þ ̾ ӹڸҹ ˉ ۇθ̾ ͝ۄ, ̇ ˉ ԝχҹ. M ̾ ӹڸҹ ˉ ӄӂ ͝ۄ, ӂ̇ ˘͇ Ͼθ χa, ڇ ͇ ³ ӂҸ. ͇ ¦ ڝۉӂ ڇ ҇Ͼ ڇ , ӽ eo θ caڸ ԝڇ˚ ι ԝڇξ ͇͝ӂ, ӂθ̾ ˝. Ӛ ιҹ Ӊθ ̇ ۦӂ ڇڸ Ӊθ ̇ ۇθ ڝ. , ҉· ̇ Ӊ: ̄ Ӈ̇ ͇, ԝ˖ ҂. þ ڇ ӉҸ o peϹ ԝ θ, Ͼ pea , ec ̇ ˘ poe oc ԝ˦ ̇. þ ˂ Ϲ ˘ӄ ԝӄ҇ ۦӂӄ ʉ˹ ̾ pˉ coae˳ ʉ . , ڸ ބ ̹. ˄̾ ͝ۄ ڹ ڸ ԝ҇, ӝ ڇ ӂ̇ ͇̇ ۚ ˘͇ Ͼθ, , , -ڝ peo ae ̇ڝ ۖ˂aڸ ۚڂoa ̝ڂ̾x ӷθڂ, ӝ ԝӂ ԝ˷ ۷ӂ. -ڇ, Ͼ ӷ˝ҹ ԇڸ ھڸ χӘ۳ γ, ۷ʉ̾ , Ͼ ԝ, ڇθ̾ ԝ. Ҙڇ, Ӊ ̇˦ ԝӝӂ ιҹ ̇˦ ˉ pox pyo ӷڂ γ cy̾ ̇ ӷ. ̇ ҇ڸ ڇڸ ι New York Times ԇڸ o ̇̇θy ӷڂy , Ͼ ̾ ·ڸ. ӝӖ ι ̇, ڇ ͇ ڇ cye˹ ӄ ̇ ڸ ڂڂ̾ oco ocoaaڸ cyecڂoae o, ӹx ̇. þ ˂ Ә̸ Ϲ. ̇ԝ˹ Ҙڇ caϾ oa˂a? ˘ Ә ˹, paa χ - ھ. ҹ, ӄ ӂ . ̇, Ͼ ̇γ ԇ ̾. ӄ γ Ӊ̹ ̹ o Ӊo ̾, o o ̇, ӄ ͇ʉ ӹ ӄ ˘˹ ea, oa Ͼ ۉ ·ӝ˹ ̇˦ ԝ, ӷ Ӧڸ ̇ oo̘aeθoo ecڂ˹. ڝ ̇θ ¹Ҹ ̘˹ Ӊ ̾, ӄ Ͼ χ ӂ ҂ӷӉ, ӝ۳ ۘ ̇Ӊ , Ә Ծ , Ͼ e oe e Ҧ˚ڸҹ aeڸc a yee. þ ̾ ڸ, epaa ·, ӝ ԝ˂· , θ ˄۳, ˘۳ ˘۳ ԝ˝Ӊ. ˘͇ χ ӈˇχ ڇ· ҹ˹, peaθocڸ ڝۉ ԝ·ڸ. ӈˇ˘͇ χ ˈˇθ · · θ ԝ˂ ˘ӄ ̇, ڇ ԝ˂ ˄̾ yˈ ӂ͇. ͇ χ ӄ· ԝۚڂӂڸ ΄. ԇ ӝӖ χ, ˘a ˹ ԝ˂ӹڸ ڇ, ڝ·ӂ, ӷ ԝ̇ ԝ ӂ͇. ӄ oeac ҂ ۷ʉ, ιҹ ԝθ ΄ ԝۚڂӂڸ. · · ξ ˘ ˉڇ o ˝e. ڇ χ, Ͼ ̾ ډڸ ڂ , ڂθ, paa ӂӄ ӳ ڂ ̇ ڂ ӄ˦ ӂ ˝. paaa Ͼ ̇·ʉҸ ۉ̾ ӂ ڹ ԝӂӂ˹ ̄˹ ˝, ڇ ӂ ڹ ˘ӄ ڝۉ˘ڂ ˘ ӄӂ ԝ҇. ˘ θ ˝ҹ Ӊ eڝˈ̾x ӄӂӂ, ӝ ԝ˂ӹ ۄ eڝˈ̾x ӄӂӂ. ̇ Ϲ ڝˈ̾ ۳ ̾ ̇ԝ ӂ ڇ ̇ ӄ ԝ҇, ̇̇ ӝӂ, ԝ ӂ͇ , ͇̘˂ ̝ڂ̾ ԝ҇, ҹҹ ۇθ. ˝ ۚڂ ӄ ڇ Ә , oopa ιҹ ˝ ԝ̇̾ ҇Ͼ ԝӉ˂̾ ¦, ec̾ py ӂ˳ ̾ ڇ̉ӂ γ cex acco, ι ͇ʉ ̇ ԝ ӂ ԝχڸ ۘ oo˘eco ԝӈ. , e aec, Ͼ e ̹ , ιҹ ԝ ӝ ԝӉڂ ԝ˹; ԝӹ ӷӂθӄ ӂӄ Ӊڂ˹, ӂ ˉ, Ә ھ ԝ ˘ ˈˇ˂. ԝӖ ӂ ̇ ӂ ̇ʉ ڝڸ ۉۚ. Շʉ, ӄ θ oa ڸ, ιҹ ˇ ococڂo, ӝ θ˂˝ӂڸҹ ι oo, ӷ Ͼ ӄ ڇڸ ̇ʇ ӉӉ ̇ ¹θ, poeccoaθo ۦӂo. ·̇ ͝a ˘˦ ӷڂ , oyc o˷ ˘oo poa, oecc˂aeo χ o ԇӘoo ͇ڇa. · ڇ ʉ˹ ۚڂ۳ ڂθ ͇ڇ, Ͼ ̾ ԝθ ·ڸ ̇ ͝˘ ˹, ӷ ̇ԝιҸ ̇ ҂ӷӉ۳ ˘۳ ͇ ڇӂ۳, ӝ, ̇ ¦, ڝ˂ ҂ӷӉ. ڇ˘͇ ͇ ̇ coeaڸc c paˈ˹, opaθ, yaee pee˹ pooo a˂̾ θڂ paʉa. oo˘eca paa o eoee ιec pa, o e c paa. P ca o cee e coepa pacڂe ӄ; o e o̾ oaڸc epa aopay. þ ӄ ̾ ԝ· ҹ ·˳ γ ڸ ӝ, ˂ ̾ . ӂac ypoe̸ ӂaae c oepo ԝ ӂ͇ eoeecӄ ڂa. ӝ ˄̾ Ͼι, ӝ Ҙڇ Ӊӷ ԝoecc˳ ԝԝχι cao ۚڂӂ ӄcڂ, ӄ ͇ڇ˘ ͇. Ϲ ҇ ۦӂ̾ ˉ ԝ ӂ ӂ, ӄڂ ypoe̸ ιҹ ԇ˳. ˹ , γ, ӝˈe ӄڂ, ea o , χڝ˂ ͇ θ, ˉ, ̇ ڇ. ̇ ӂڸ ӄڂa, Ӊ̇ o e ecڂe̾ coco eo paccope˹. χڝ˂ ӄڂ ͇ ҝڂ, Ͼ oe pecaڸ e a ڸ ۂ˘˹ ̇˹ ۘ˹ ӂ cyecڂoa˹ ӂ͇ ӷӉθ, ̂ˈ ·ڝ. ˹ ԝҦӉ ӄ, ӄ ӂ, ӝ ӷҹ ӄӄ, Ҙڇ, ˖ ӄڂ γҹ ̇ θ. ڇ ڸ ڇ. ӄڂ ιڸ, ڸ ҝڂ ι ӂ˹ ·˦ . ӄ, Ͼ ۉ ·ڸ. ocoe oacoc, ڇӂ ڸ, ҂̾ ӂ ¦ӄ˹? Ͼ Ӊȉ ӂ ¦ӄ˹ ͇ ̝ڂ ̾ γ, , ڂθ, ӄ ۉ ԝڇιڸҹ ԝӷχ˘̾. ̇, ԝӷχ γҹ ¦ӄ. ӷχ , ӝ, ̝ڂ۳ ԝ˝Ӊ. ¦ӄ˹ ӂӝ ̇ a ԝӝھ ˷ a yo ·ڸ. ̇ ˖ ԝڇι ̇ ڸ ·ڸ , Ͼ ·, ˂. ӷ, ̇ ԝڇ ӂ θ̇˂ ӂ ҝڂ ̝ڂ̾ ԝҾ, θڇ ۉ ˘ . , ̇ԝ, ԝڇ cpecڂa ee ۘڸ ̝ڂ y ӝχ˳, Ӊ̇ ӷڂ ̇ ̝ڂ ۳ ӝχ˳, Ͼ ӄ ҂ӷʉac ӷӉ ·ڸ ӝ ʉ ӷ . ˦Ӊ ڇ ӂ ԝ˝Ӊ ӝ. Ә ҂ӷӉ, ӝ ҉·· ¦ӄ˘ ԝӄ ̾, ̇ ۚڂӂڸ ˝˦ ̝ڂ̾ ͇. ¦ӄ˹ Ӊڂӂ· ԝڝ˳ ̇ ·, Ӊ̇ ̇ ڇ ӷڂӂ· ԝڝ˳ ̄˹. Ӊ̹ ۚڂ ͇˦- ӂ ̝ڂ̾ ԝӷ. o ̝ڂ̾ ԝӷϾ, ӝ oc ӂ . ӷχ , ڝ ԝڇι ̇ ۳ ӝχ˳; ԝ ԝڝ˹. , , ͇- ӄ˘ڸ ӝχ˳ ԝoڇ˹ ̾ Ә ԝθڂ, ۂˉ, ڇ͇ ˈ˹ ӷҹ ԝ˂ ˦. Ӊ Ӊ ̇Ӊҹ ۘ ˈ ι ԝ˹ ˦ ӄ˘. o acaec ex, ԝ͇ ˷θ ԇ ӷڂ θڇ ¦ӄ˘˦ ӂڂ, coe, ڇ γ, ӝ χ, ӷ ̇ ԝ˂ ̈ Ҹ. ۄ Ҙڇ, ӉӘڂ. Շ ҇ , ¦ӄ peo γ̾ coaθ̾e ˹, ӄ ̹ ԝ˝Ӊ ӂ͇; ˖ ԝ˘ ˹ oo, o Ͼ · ̹ ̸. ˹ θ ӂ˹ ͇ڇχ, ac, ҦӉҹ ԝ ӝ ecڂyeo ˈa. ھ ۘ· ̾ ԝ˹ θ ӂ ˪ ӷڂ ˪, Ӊ̇, ӷڸҹ ӄ, ڇӂҹ ̹̾, ˖ aopoa̾e ӝϾ θڂ ԝθڂ. , . M ͇ҹ, aoo ee χڝ˂ڸ ӂ۳ ӷڂ۳ , ͇ , ͇ ԝӉ ˘ ӂ͇. ӂ Ӊӂ ̉˂ˉۇθ۳ ӷڂ۳ ԝ˝Ӊ ڂ, ҦӉ ҂˦ ӷڂ̾ ԝӘ, Ӊ̇ ӄ e ڂ ι ۄ˦. ҳ co ̸ Ͼ Ծaec paӷpaڸc c Ϲ ˹ ̇ ڂ. ˘͇ ˘͇ ڝ ̇ ۘھڸ θڸ. Ә ͇θ̾ ̉˂ˉۇ ͇θ̾ ˂ ӷ ԝ˂ӝ ̇ ԝ˝Ӊ. Ͼ ڸ ӝӖ۳ ӂ۳ , yo θ˂˝ӂڸ ӝӖ۳ ˘۳ . Ͼ ӈˇθ ԝ˂ ӈˇθ , yo θ˂˝ӂڸ ̝ڂڸ, ̇̇ ҇ӄ ӂ̹ ӷڂ. ӷ, ڂθ ҦӉҹ ӂ. þ ӂӝ ӷ ̂˝ڇ, ӝ ӝҹ ӂ. ۚڂ ̉ӂ, xopoo ӷ̾ ̇˝ӂ, ӝ ڝϹҹ ڸ -ӄ˳ -ۦӂڸ. ӝ ڇ ӄ ۘ˹ θ ԝڸ ԝ. ˇڂ ҂ χڝ˂ҹ ͇ ӂ, ӝ ʇ ҂ӳ γӂ ӄ γ ڂӝ˳. ̇, ӄ , ҂ θ ιec ͝ӂe ӄ, o ڇ ҇ӂ. ҇ Ϲ ڂڂ ӝ ҇ ԝӉ˂ ˦ θӂ. -ӄ˹ ӝ˹ ۦӂ, ӝ˹, ڝ ӝ ӂ, ӝ ԝӘ , a ӷ ԝ·, o cyecڂye ӷϾ ʉ ӂ ԝ˝Ӊ; ӄ, ڇ ӝ˹ ԝ·, ӂ ԝԝ ԝ˄ڸ . ӝ ͇ξ Ҙڇ, ι ҝ ۘ, ӂ͇ ۚڂӂ, Ϲ, ˘ҹ ͇θ ӷڸ ˄ӝ˝ӂڸ ڸ, ԝۚ۳ ڝ ҝ. ιҹ ˘ ̾, ͇ χ˦, ӝ ιҹ ˈχ. Ç Ҙڇ ԝ˝Ӊ . ҂ ˉ Ӊ ʉ, ӄ ԇy . ӷ, , ڂθ, χҖ ͇θ̇ ӝ˹, ӝ Ծڇҹ ̹ڸ ۚ ˈ ԝ˂˹ · ˇڂ. . ̇ oԾac ڸ ԝ˂ ԝԇ̉ ̂˝ڇӂ ˦ Ծ opecڸ , , ̇ ι, ιҹ ˉ. Ͼ, ӝ , ԝ. ԝ̇ ҂ ͇ۇ ԇ˹ χ a. Ϲ ӝڂӄ ˹ ڸ ԝˉڇ ھ ӝ ӝ γ ̇ ˈ ̇ ڝ˳. , ӷ ӄӂӝڸ . ̇, ҂, ̇, ۄ ӝ. ԝ, ӷ˝ҹ ·ڸ , ӄ ھ ·ڸ. ӂ oڂe : “þ ҹ ̾ ڇھ, ӷ ԝ̹ڸ ۘ ̂˝ڇӂ”. , ӄ ԝ, ̹ Ҹ ҈̇. ιҹ Ә̾ ڇ. yaop˹ ھ ۄ, ڇθ . Ç Ҙڇ, ӷڂ ӂ ʉ·, ӂ, ʉ Ә ͇ڇڇ. ڇ ˉ¹ · ·, ooy Ӊθ Ç҇ · ̇ c ۘo oo a ʉ ӂ ԝ˝Ӊ. Ӧ ӷ ھ paccap˂a Ͼ ʉ ʘ ̚. ԝڇι ӷ ڝ ۉ-ˇӄ ˝ӂ˹. ӂӝ ˷˹ ӷ ͝ʇ ҝ? Ͼ ӷҹ ˷, yˉ, ӂ ԝ̇̇ ·ڂӂڸ ̇ ԝ˝Ӊ; .e. ӝʇڸҹ ·ڂӂ˹. ڇ ӷҹ , ӷ ۂˉڸ, ͇ ԝ̹ҹ ˇڂ χ ˦ ԝӂ. O ҝڂ ڝˈ ˉ³, ˹ ˂̾ ³ ̾ ԝ γ. ˂ae ˉ³, ۷ڂ ˂̾ ԝ˝˂ҹ ۷ڂ ӂ͇. ˂̾ ³ ԝ, Ӊ̇, Ͼ ̾ Ӧ ӷڸҹ , ooy o ʇ ̇. þ ̾ ڸҹ ˂̾ a, ͇ ˂̾ ҹҹ ۄ ۄ. ۚڂ ڂ̇ ڸ ʉ pepaee Ә, ʉ ʘ ̚, ʉ ӂ ԝ˝Ӊ. ̇˦ ӷڂ̾ ҇ ڸ ͝ʇ ҝ, Ӊ̇ ˘ ӄ , aa oγ ڂӝcڂy ӂy y. ӄ Ͼ ԝԹڂye peypye a˹, ͇ʇ , ԝ˂Ӊ , γ θ۳ ˖ ӄ, θ ۉ̾, ӂ , Ϲ, ԝӉ , ҹ. ӝ̸ ӄ˦ Ӊ̹˦ ӄ˘˦ ԝӷ. ˄a ca ˄e Ҹ ۳ θ, ڇ ͇ ι ҹҹ ԝ̇ Ӊ۪. þ ̾ ڸ ͝ ԝ˝Ӊ Ҧ˚ ̇ڸ, Ͼ ̾ ypo θӂڸ, oaco a pa ee. ҹ ӷڂ ̇ Ҿ. Ϲ ˘ , ͇ ̂˝ڇ, ԇ ӄ˘ ӷ ӂ͇ ·ڸ, ڝ˝ӂڸ Ә˚ڸ ͝ʇ۳ ҝ. ʉ ̸, ӄ ڇ ԝӂ, ҂˹ ӂӝ · ͇ “Ӊ ӂ˦ ”. aθc ce ay e̹, o̸ , Շ Ӊ θӂ Ԗˈ ӄ ̇ , ڸ , ̇ ҝڂ ԝӉ ԝ˝Ӊ. oco pa , ԝӷӂ ι θӂ˹ ӂ ԝӈ ԝӉڂ, a , ҂ӳ Ә, ԝӷoao x ӂ ڇ. ۦӂ̾ ̂˝ڇ ιҹ Ӊ Ҹ ̾ , Ӊ̇ 80- Ӊ XX ˹ · ӄ˹ ҂ӷʉ˹. ӄ˹ ҂ӷʉ˹ aιa, o a ιec ӂ ӂ ӷo ̹˹ ӄ. ԝӉ Ә ͇ʉ ̇. ˄, ̇҇̾ ۚ ӝ͇, ԝӉҸ ̹ ھҹ. ˹ ӝӂ̾ ˉ, ԝڇι ӷ ԝ opeӄ χχ. A ae, ۄ, ۖҸ. ӄ˹ ҂ӷʉ˹ · ۇθ opoepya Ș ̇ ӷʉҹ ˖ ͇ ͝ Ӊ ӝ ˄̾ ˉ. Շ ̸, ӄ Ͼ ۉ ڝڸ ̇ ̂˝ڇ Ӊӷ̾ ӷ. ۄ Ӊ Ӊχ ԝ ڝۉ ڝ̇ ڝڸ ˝. poea ҂a ӷe ˹ , c , ӝ ڝ· ڇθӄ ۘ˹ ӷʉ˹. ʇ˳, ӄ ˄̾ ˉ χڝ˂ ͇ ԝӷ ӂ˦ ԝ , ڸ oθ ʉ̇Ӊӄ Ӊθڂ . , ҇ , θڂ γ , Ә ۄ Ӊۖ˹. , , ӄ Ͼ ڝ ̇ Ӊ ӝ, ӄ ԝӖ ҇Ͼ θ ˹ χˇθ ˈ ·ӹ, ۂˉ, ·̇ ۄ ԝ̇ Ә . Ͼ ڝ ̇ ocy ˈy ӷ˳, ԝӉӂθڂ˳, Ӊʉe ӷۂ, pacopy, ۂˉ, Թډҹ ιҹ ̇θ̾ Ӊ . Ͼ , ӷ ԝӖ ¦ ̇, ̇ ӝ ӂ˹, ̾ ԝ̇ڸ, ҇Ͼ ӷӉθ̾ ӝ ӄ ҉·ڸ ӄ, ҉·ڸ . ڝˈڸ. B x ھx ڝax, Ӊ γ ڇ ̇ ه͇, Ӊڂ۳ ͇e Ͼ ԝθڂ. ۚڂӂ θ̇̇θ̾ ԇ ˦ ڝ̇ ԝڇιҹ ӝӖ ҂ˉθڂ ӄ, ڝ̇ ̇Ӊҹ ԝӈ o˹ ̇ԝ ˹. B aae ӄo poecca ۚڂ۳ ھ ι ¦ γ, ӝ ӄ ۚڂӂ. eo poeae ڸ Ӊ γ ڇڸ, eco oo, ԝӉaڸ ӷۘ. ھ ͇ڇ˘˦ ڝ̇ Ҙڇ, Ծ̾e pao ̾, pao Ծڇ, ӽ θڂ Ӊ γ Ҙڇ, y x ecڸ e oye a̹ڸc, ee ڇڸ ̾ Ә ̸. ̇, θڂ ̾ ڝ ڇ Ӗ, oy θ̇˂ ނ e Ӊ ιҹ ӷۘ, ڸ Ӊ. cpa ڝڸ ˝ pa aaڸc e ڇڸ ax ӂ˹, ӝ ι ̇ ͇ҹ Ͼ. ڝʇ cyecڂyee ӹ ˹ ˦ ڝ. Ͼ ҉· ̾ ι ԇ aaڸc o ex cpaax y ۖe˹ x a paoe cξ, o ۖ ҇Ͼ ˦ ˘ ˂. a eoxoo ҉·ڸ, ڇ ͂ˉ˝ӂڸ ڝۉ e Ӊθ, d-facto, ˘ӄ ԝӄ҇. þ ̾ ڇ ԝڸ ˂˳ , ӝ ӷ˝۳ ʉ̇Ӊ Ӊθڂ. θڂ ˦ ιҹ ԝӳ, ӝ ԝ۳ ̇ӂ Ҿ Ӗ ھ ԝ ӂ͇, γ ӷ̾ ӂӂ - ۷ʇ. ̾ ڇھ ay-˷o ڂ ̇˹ ھ ڝ̇? . Y ac ecڸ χ ڇӂ ӄ˘, ӝ pė̇̾ ι ӄ, ӷ γڸ ӝ oapo ڝ ڝڸ ˝ ͇̇ڸ ͇ ԇ, ӝ ӷ˝ҹ ͝ڸ ڇ Ӊ. θ ̇ ͇ ڝ·ι ԇ˹; θ̾ ˦ ڝ. , Әˉ, ӝθ. Ͼ ˘ ҉·, ͝ ̸˹ ӝӂ ӂ, ҂ˉι ·ӹ˹. ̾ ӝ͇ ̾ ڇӂ Ӗ ҂ӷӉ ӝӂ ӄ·ҹ ԝ͈oc θڸ. ӷڸ ҳ Ͼ˹ ͈҇˹, ڇ ͇ . ̾ ڇھ ̾ ̇· χξ θ ͈҇ ԝ˂ ڇ ڝ ˝. ӷ eco ͈҇ ԝ˂ ·, ۷, ˂ ͇, ڇ ԝ˘ ̇ Թ , ӄ· a̾ ̾ Շ. ͈˹ ˘ ˘˦ . θڇ ιҹ , ԝڇι , ԝ˂ ӝӄ ̇ԝ̾ ecڂ˹, eʉyapooy eoy, ̇ ӝoo ҂ڸ , eoxooe opye, ӷ ڇaڸҹ ·. ͈ ̾ ڇӂ ԝ˂ ۷, ̇ԝ, ˉγ ڝ ·۳ ԝԇ̉۳ ӷ. ӄ, ͈҇ ӝθ̾, ڇ ͇ ͇̇ γ, ԝθڂ. ڂӂ ۷, ڇ ۄ ڝ̇ ۄڇ χ paa ξ ڂ ԝθڂ e ڝ: “ ooo, ̾ ڇھ ̇ ӝӂ Ϸ”. ڝˈ ͈҇ Ϲ ̾, Ӊ̇, ̾ ڸ ̾ ԝ̇̇̾ ι ˹ ԝ . ̾ ڸ ۳ ʉ·ڸ. þ ̾ ڸ, ӝӂι ιҹ ӂ ̇˦ θ̾ ڇӂ ڝ̇ ڂ ̇ʉ, ӝ۳ γ · ̇ ۘ ˦ ۘ. ӝӂι ԝ ӷ ̇ʉ ̇ ʉx ypeʉe, ӷ̾ ڸ ˘ ˹ ԝ˂ ԝθڂ. ͇҇ҹ ̹, Ҙڇ, , ͈҇ ̾ ڇӂ ̇ ڹ Ӊ ·, ӄo ڇӘo, ӷ x ڸ. ڇ ԝ̈ ˇ ·, ۘ ӄ ̾ ڇڸ peaepe̾ ڂ ʉ ԝθڂ. χ ӷ ʉ̇Ӊ̾ ӝ˹? o ce ӷ γ ˘ڸ ۦ ˉӂ: ڂӝ ˂̾ , ӝ ԝ˦Ӊ ҝڂ ӝӂ ڇ Әӄ ԝӈ҇, papyeθ̾ , ӝ aaec ʉ̇Ӊ̾ γ̾ ̉, ˝ӂ ۄ Ӊӷ̾ ӝ˹. ˂θ ae oyaڸ, θ ۖ ӝ Ϲ ӂ˹ ӷ. Ϲ ԝ·˹ ڇ, ͂, ӝ ۉ ̾ θڇ ۚڂ˹ ԝڇ Ϸ, ̇˝ӄ ˝ӂ , , , ԝԝ̹, ԝχ ̾ ԝԝχ. ʉ̇Ӊ̾ ӝ ԝˉ˂ҹ eˇoo cι ԝ . ˦ ̉ ι ڝ ڝڸ ˝ ӷ ڝ· ·ڸ ԝθڂ̾ ΄ ӂ˹ ̇ӄӂ. He ڇ ̹ڸ, ̇ӄ ̇ ̾ ̾ ڝ̇, Ӊ̇ ιҹ , ۘ, ӄ ۳ ̉˹ ì. ì ڇ paڸc ·ڸ ҂ ͝ھ Ͼ oo, acoθ oo o̹ec x ·. ̇ ˖ · ڂ, ӄ θ ιҹ ͝ ԝ ھ. ˉ ԝӈڇ, ˉ ۄ . o oy ooy Ә̸ ̉۳ ̇ڸҹ ̇̉ . pa, ͇ ӝ ̇˂ o, a o ooec c ͝ ΄ӂ ڝ ڝڸ ˝. ˉ¹ ӹ· , ӷ ΄ o e o͇c. ̇, ͇ ڹ χ , χ ì: ·˂ڸ ΄ Ҙ ̇Ӊ ۘ ڸ. ͇҇ҹ ԝӷϾ, ڂ̾ Ӊ Ҹ ιҹ ӄ , ӝ ҂̾ ӷ ԝӷ ΄ ۘ˹ ӷ½˘ ڝ ӝӂγ ̂ˈ. o ecڸ , ӷʉҸ ڇӘ ʉ̇Ӊ̾ ӝ˹ ae ͇. , ӂ ӝ ̝ڂ̾ ӷθڂ ͇ڸ ̇ ԝӷ? , ڂθ, Ӊ̇, ̇ ӂ ӝ ӷۘڸ ԝӷχ. þ ӷ χ - ͇ ¦, · Ӛ̾ χ ҂ӷӉӄ ԝԝχθڂ. cea ڇ. ӝ ԝӉӷ, y x a ̝ڂ ˂ o ococڂax ˦ poecc. ڂ χӂ ӝχ ԝӂ ͇ ӹ ڂ , ˦ poecc˹ Ӊθa ̝ڂ Ә ˹, ӽ e e̸e ۂڂy ӝӄ Ӊ ҂ ̹. ӄ ԇ Mece θ ̇, epeco ԝӂ, ӝ ͇, ˇ ͂ ӷ̾ · ̄˹ θ ̾, ڇ ӄھ ·ڸ ۚ. o e, θӂ ӄ, ӷ۳ ӄ ҂ӷʉ˹, ӝ ̾ ˝ ӄھ. ˝۹ ӄڂ, Ͼ ڝ̹ ι ̄. ӄ, ̝ڂ ̇ۘ ̾ ԝڇιҹ ʉ , ڂ ԝԝχ ̇ ӷڂ ˂̾ . ʉ , ӄ ³ ڸ pooeoaڸ ԝԝχι, ̇̇ ҂ ʉ˹ ӄ, Ә ˦ ԝ˹ ιҹ oocoao oxaξ, ̇̇ , ιҹ ·̾ ˄ poea˹, ӝ a oocڸ ˂ cyecڂoaڸ. ̾ ڝ͇ڸҹ ҂˦ ˉ, ӄ ˉ . ӂӉڂ۳ҹ , ¹ ̇ʇ ˘ ӷӂ, ӄ ̹ڸ, poecc˹ ԝԝχι · ۉ҇ ι ̇Ӊ ӷڂ, ҂ӷʉ x . ӄ , ӂ ۖڸ ԝӂ ӷ ˦ ̝ڂ̾ ӷθڂ. ̇, Ͼ ̇ ӄ, ˦ ڂ̾ ӷθڂ ιҹ ͇ ԝ· , ӄ ͝ ڸ ι acoeo ̄χ ڂ ˦ coe ӷocoao poecc. ӹ x a˘ece ӷ? ̾ ԝˉ˂ڸҹ ӂ ڝڇ ·ڸ ҂ Ә ӄ· ·˘ ڝ·ӂ˳ ԝ˂: ڸ ͇ʉ ̇ʇ . ̾ yeڸc, ۘ ԝ˷ ӝθ̾ ̂ˈ ӝӂ oapa, ӝ ιҹ ̝ڂ ·. ̾ ΄ڸ ҂˦ oapax, ΄ڸ ҂ ڇ͇ ڝ·ι. ̾ ڸ ڹ, Ӊ̇ ̾ ۄʇڸ ypaoee ҂˦ o, ԝχ ӷχ̾ ˹ ԝԝχ ˖ ӂ̾ ̂ˈ. ̾ ڇڸ ̾ ι ̇ ҂o poecc˳, ӷ θ ڝڸ ̇ Ӗ ԝ˷ ҦӉӂ, ڇ ۘھڸ ˦ ̝ڂ̾ . x ecڸ e ӷθڂ ڸ ˘ӄ ӷ ӷڂ, ̇˝۹ papyeθ̾ ˘˦ ˹, Ӊ˂ , ӝ χθ̾ ˇ ԝ̈ԇ. ̾ ԝӉڸ ӝӖ θ ˹, ӷ ̇, ӄ Ӊ γ ڝ ̇ ˉӂ ҇ ͇ ̇ ӷ. ˘ ̾ ڸ ҂˦ ϸ ԝӈ ̇˹ ӄڂ. ̾ ԝ˂˂aڸ ҂ ڹ ̇ʇ ӂڸ ˦. ̾ Ӊ˂ڸ c ˄̾ ۘʉ˹, ӷθڂ θ , θ ˦ ӄڂ. ӷθڂ ιҹ Ә̸ ̾ ʇ ̇ ¦, poecc˳ ԝԝχι. ҇, ԝژ ڇ·ڇ 25 · ̄˹ Çڂ¹ peooc ̇ ӝ . , oc̹ ԝ˘oe ˘oe ae˹ ԝژ, ̇Ҹ ӷ ӄ˘ ̇, ҹҹ , ͇ Ͼ θ . , Ͼ ̾ Әڸ ڸ ԇ˹, ιҹ ·̾ . , ca, Ӊaaҹ ԝژ ҇, ӄ , ooy, Ͼ ԝ˘ ̇, Ͼ . ԝژ ͇ʉ ۄ ҹ ӝ ԝ ˘ڂ ڇ·ӂ. ӂ ڇ·ڪ ̇˹: ӷڂ ڇ·ڪ χ . ۄ, ӝ ۉ ˹ , Ӧ Ӊ̇. ڸ ڇ·ӂ ڇ ҹڸ, ڇ·ڇ ھϹ. ۄ, apeo ҂ ڇ· γ, ԝӄ̇ . ӂӝ Ӊ: T ̇, , ¹, ӷ˝, Ҿԇ ce; ̇ʇ · ډڸ e̸ a eo , , ԝˉ, ۘ ԝ˷θ. ھ, ڇ ? Ҹ Ͼ ҇ ԝԝχθڂ, ӝ ιҹ ͝ ˹ ӄڂ: ̇ ڇ, ¹. ec e ӝθe Ӊӷe ·ھ ԝӈӂ. , ̇ ˘ ӝ, ̇, ڇ͇ ԝӈڇ ̉̈˳ ̹ڸҹ ԝ˷ ̇ ͇ڇ. ۄ ӂ, ۘ ԝӈ ڇ, ͇ڇ, ԝι ҂ ̸ χθ ڇ̉. ԝ˷ ӝ ԝӈڇ, ͇ ̇ ۘ, ڂθ ˉ , ̸ ه˘ ̾, ڇ ͇, ͝ , ˦- ͇ ԝ θ. ڇ ԝژ ҂ˉθڂ χ ˘˦ ԝӈӂ ԝԝχθ . ˉ, ڇ ԝژ, ӝ۳ ۉ χڝ˂ڸ ˇ ӈˇھ. ڇ, ۄ ԝژ, ڇ, ͇, ̇ԝ, ͇ ӄ ӄ · ̄˹ Çڂ¹, ԝ· ۄ ˘ , ԝe Ӊ˂e ԝ Ӊ ڸ ӝ ҂ ۚڂ, ԝ˳. c· . ̇ ӷӂ˹? ̾ ڇڇ Ӊ, ι ҂˦ ӷۘ ̾ ·, ιҹ ˦ ̾ ԝ, ʉ̾ ·ڸ ʉ: ˉ ̇ӄӂ ̇ Ӊʇ , ӝ Ӊ ˦ , ӝ ι , ӝ Ӊ ˦ . ۚڂ ԝڝ , ͇ڂ ۷˘̾ ̾, ڹ ӄ ڸ γ˹. ˘̇ Ҹ ڇ , oopa ӷ̹, Ә Ә̇ ͇ ͈˝ ۘ, ӈˇ˘͇: ̇ ӷڂڸ ڂڂڸ ӷڂ͇ · γ oee ڂڂ̾ xopoee oee ҂e ھ. poecc ԝӉcڂa caoc ˂̾. θ ӝϾ ӷӂ˹ , ӷ ڸ ˝۳ ξ, ӝ ΄pӘ ˂, ԝ˂ ۘ˳ ͇ڂ. ι oce˹ ӄ cۚڂ ӄ , ӝ x ۘ ۄ˦. ۘ ӄ Ә , ԝҹ ԇڸ ԝθڂӄ ڝι ̇ ̾ ·. · ̇ӄӂӄ ι ¦, θҹ ̾ · ԝθ̾. ۘ · ̇ӄӂӄ ι cex, oopoe ͝ ԝۚڂ o θ̇˂ ι θ ̇˹. ӝθ Ҹ aγaec o, o ڸ, Ӊ ۳ Ә ڂڂ̾ opaoae. ԝ˂ ӄ ̇ڝ̇ θ ڸ Ͼ ӷڂӄ ӷӂ˹. ae oe̸ ˉڸ ̾ ڇڇ Ͼ ӷۘ˹ χ. ̇ ԝڇι ̉̈˳, ӄ Ӊ ̇ · ԝ۳ ڂڂڸ ӷӂ ҂˦ . ˘ θڇھ ӝʇ. ڇ χ ι ¦, Ӊ̇ ι ex, oe xӘe oo, o ԝ̾͝ xo oe˹. ·̾ ¦ ӝχ ιҹ , ԝθڂ oo e ڸ epocee̾ eaoo. Ҹ, Ͼ ҉· paeθcڂo epocee̾ ԝӉ ӷۂ, ӝ ҂ ͇ڂ ӷۂ ̇ . Ͼ ڂ̾ ι Ӊ ιҹ ڸҹ ӷ ӷӂ ҂˦ . ڂ ӷӂ ڇ ̇ԝ, ӷ Ӊڸ Ӊι θ. Շ Ӊڸ . ӷ ҉·ڸ , ̇ ڸ ˘ ˹ poӳӂ ۘ, ӝ ocaoo ʉ· ҹҹ p˘acoc Ӊ. θ ·ӹ , · ԝӉ. ۚڂ۳ ۄ θ̾ ԝӷϾ, ӝ ڝ·۳ ӷʉ˹. Ӊι yo ڇڸ ԝ˂ ԝ˂˹ Ӊڂ۳ θ ۦ ԝˉ˂ڸҹ ӄ, ӝ ҂ ӝ epa̾x ̝ڂ̾ ڇ̉ڇ, ӝ ҹ ڝ҈̉̾ ӝχ. þ ˉڸ, Ӊڂ۳ θ ҉· ̇. þ ̾ ڸ ڂ cox ۷ʉ˹ co ˉ ӄ, Ͼ ڸ ͇ apo, ԝˉ˂ڸҹ ӄ, ӷ χ˹ ̇ ˘ ˘ ̉̈. Kھ eʉy ڂθ ͇: ̇ԝ, ˘ ͇ڇ˘ ͇̉ ӂԇ. ۉ˂ι ̹ Ϲ ʉڂӄ ڇ. ͇ oo˘eco θ ԝڝ ڇ ι ӄ , ӝ ڸ ooo, ye̸e ope, a . ӄ ̪ ʉڂ ̇̇ҹ ̇ ڸ θ ̸ ҝ͇, ʉڂ ӷ ۚڂ. ӂӉҸ ˉڸ ʉڂ ypae˹ ¦ ھ. ˘͇ θ ˄ӝ˝ ڇ , χڝ˂ Ҧ ͇ ԝ ͇͝ ̾͝ Ȉ. Ҹ ҉·ڸ? Շ ԝˉ˂ڸҹ ˄ӄ ͇̉ χ, ڇ ̾ ͝ۄ. Ҹ ˉڸ ̇ӹ˦ ʉڂ˦ , ӝ ̇̇ҹ 25- ͇ ԝӉʇҹ 12 . ˘ Ӧӄ peoece poʉecڂecx Ӊo. Ϲ ӄ ʉڂ ԝӉ̾ Ә̸ opoe Ӊ. ̇, ̇ ԝӂڸ ʉڂ ̇ʇ˦ ˘˦ ͇, ӄ ̇ ԝڇι. ڝ·, ӷ Ͼ ̇ۘҸ ӄ˘˂ڸ ҂ ۉӂθڂ˹. θ˂˝ӂڸ ۦ ԝڝ, ӝ ԝ· ˘ ͇̉ ˘ ˝ӄ ͇̉. ̇ ԝ ڇڸ ϸ γ, ڇ xoڸ a epe̾ po, oop op aʉy yy aʉ e̸. , Ͼ ڇ ԇڸ ̇, Ͼ ̾ ڇ ԇڸ. ̸͝ ι ӄ, ӷ Ә ̇ ӄ ڂӝ˹. ӄ Ͼ epe ˂, Ӊҹ ۖ˳ ӄpaʉae · ӄ. Ho ڸ ˘ ͇̉, .. ӷӉڸ ӄ˘ aaoo ι coepa˹, Ӛ ͇ӂ ͝ӂ ӝ ۉ? χ, ڇ ͇ , ۉ p˂oڸ coee ڇ Ӊ ӝӉ ¦ ԝڸ ˈ ڂ · ۚ ۄ. ӄ, ӄ˘ ҦӉڸ γ, ӝ ӄ·̾ Ӊڸҹ Җ ӝ, ³eo ӝӉӄ ¦, , ӄ. χ , ˄̇ χ, ³ ڝ҈̉ڇθ ԝҦʉ, ڸ Ә ӄ˘˹. þ ̾ ·˝ӂڸ paep ڂ˹ ·˹ ˹. θ ۖ ̇ , ͇ ԝڇιҹ, ӷʇҹ ԝ o coγe ̸͝ ιҹ , Ͼ ̾ χڸ, ιҹ ӄۚ ڂӝ cox ۉ·. ͇ ˈ˹ ˘ θ ڝ. C coocc e Ӊ̇ χ: ӝ γ Ҙڇ, ԝ·θ Ӗ ͇̈ ډ ڇ ̇Ͼ ԝ҇ ͇ڂ , ӷʇҹ ̇ ˦. ڸ ̾, Ӊ̇, ec e ecڸ pecayeϾ oڂe a oo˘ece ee˹. ӄ poc aec ԝp oo, ͇ ͇̈ , eeo ̇̇ҹ e͈˹ Ӧ˦ ӝ̇ ۘʉ ڝӄ ڇ˹. ̇ҹ ̹ ڇڸ ͇˘ӄ ӄ a, ʇӂҹ, ۘʉ˹ ڝӄ ڇ˹ ιҹ ӝӄ Ӊ ԝڇ Ҹ. Ә? , caec, o Ӛ ڝ, ˂ڸ ̉˂ˉۇ Ҙ ӷڂ aeڂ. Ҹ ҉·ڸ θ . -, ӂθڂ ڇθ, ʉ ڝ̾, ӝ · ̇ ˈ, γ ڝӄ ڇ˹. Ә Ͼ ҹ ˈ ڇ˦ ӝӂ ? þ Ҧ˚ҹ ҇Ͼ ӷ̾ ۦ̹. þ cac˂, ӄ ӝӉ ͝ҹ ڇ ˷ ӝ. þ , oa opaec ̉a ·a. Շ χڸҹ Ȉ. -ӝ, ӄ ڇι ڇڸҹ Ç̓̇θ, ڝ yڸ. ڇ ڂθ ڝ, ڸ ڝee ee ҂ ڝ˳. ڸ · ˉڸ , ͇ڸ ÇÇ, ڇ Ә ? -ڝڸ˦, ae pecopaax ιoc Ӗ, ӝ۳ ӄ ڸ · ˖ ӄھ. Ϲ, ӄ ˖ ͝ھ ӄ ڸ · ̹̇ڸ ӄ-, ӂ ι ˦, pӘ̇ ͇ ҉·· ̾ ι ˝˦ χ. Ӊ¦ڸ Ӗ ڸ - Ә̸ . ԝ ԝ̇͝ ڸ ι χ, ӷ̾ ӷθڂ, e , Ϲ . aθe, ˘ γγ ̾ ӝ˂ ӷ, ڇ , ͇ ۄ, Ӊ̇, ec e yo ̇ ҹڸ ԇӝ˦ ӂ ̸, , ڝڸ Ϲ ̇ ԝ˄ӂ ˚ ˉ ӝ ˖ ι ӄ, ӷ ̹ ̇ӝ. ̇θ θe ۄ, oc˄e Ӊ̹ ڝ̾, ιҹ ˉ. ӝ χ ӝ oa γҹ. ιҹ ӹ̾ ̇ӹ ۘ. ӳҸ, ӝ cep̾ Ә ˹ ϸ, Ӊ̇ ڝ̇ ԝӷϾ. ˦ · ҉·ڸ , ͇θ ۘ ̸ ϸ, opeoẻoa γڸ ӝ. γڸ ӝ, ӹҹ θ ι ˹. ӂӂ Әڇڸ? ӄpo̾ ԝ, ԝ·, ҇ ec oeθo. ۦӂ ӂӂ ͇ʉ, ڇ An Introduction to the Devout Life (Beee aoec˂y ̸) ӄ ͇̈ θӄ, ҉·ڸ . -o poee epe ۦӂ o, Ҙڇ ˖ ˘, e ecooec. ڇ ˄ ̇ ۉ˂ ԝ˘̇ ۷o poӂea. ӂ۳ ۳ҹ ˇ۳ · The Imitation of Christ (a˹ Xpc҇) Ͼ ӄ. ӂ ͇̇· ո̇, ̾ θڂ Ignatius Press, ԝ ̾. ι ̾ ۦӂ̾ ԝ ӂ۳ ӂ۳ · In Conversation with God (B paoope c ooϪ) ҇ ̇̉҇. Շ ӷ Ͼ ˄ ӷڂ ڇڸ ԝ ӄ ̇ City of God (o pa), ӝ ιҹ poo ˇӄ ˝ӂ˹ Ϲ ӂ ԇ θ. Pھ Ծ Ӈ̇ · II, ۉ- ۦӂ̾ ̹˹, ̈ Ҹχ, oe oe̸ a̾. Շ ˘ ˘ Ͼ ̉۳ ԝ̾͝ ھ . . ͇ Constitution of Liberty (Cpyypa coo) ˄ ҇ Human Action (eθڸ eoea) Socialism (CoaϪ) (˹ 1922 Ӊ), p ycӂ oa˹, θ ˇ Ͼι, θ ˇڇ ӷ· ӝ ҂ӷӉ ӷڂ. ˄ Ç· ӂ͇ Business As a Calling (ec, a pae) ڇ ̇ ι ԝԝχ. ԝ҇ ӝ Ծڇڸҹ ڇڸ ̾ ھ ӝ ̇, ˹ ԝ · ԝ. ӄ˳ , ۳ ̉ ӷӉ ̉ˇ̇, ڸ ͇ʉ, Ә ۘڸ ӝ˳ ҂ӷӉ. ڇڸ ͂ι. ȯ. ڸ ڇ Ethics (a) ι, ӝ ̇, ԝ· ̇, ڇ Summa (Bceoeγ paaڪ) ӄ Ͼ, ӝ ӝ˂. ̇, ۘ ڇӂγҸ ̇ , ԝʉ ̇ ιڸ Ҹ ԇ̾ ͇. ҉·ڸ Ӊ ӄӂӝ θ ˹ ˄: ڝ ̇ ҳ ڸ ˹, ڂa ιҹ o. , ӄ ӷ ڸ ̇ʉ. ӄ ԝڂӂڸ γ ۄ ڇ. ڂ̾ ڸ, ҝڂ ӝӄ ͇ʉ ̇ ԝ ҂ӳ ̇ ӷڂӄ ԇ˹, ڇ ԇ˹ ˝. , oy e, Ә̸ ԝ˘oe peoee, ooy ιec e-o a, Ͼ ce ̇ڸ ·ڸ ԝ Ș, ԝ ڇ, Ͼ ̇Ӊҹ. |
|
|
|
||||
